aligmentary tract
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| show | incomplete development of the esophagus
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| what is the term for abnormal pathway normally in a hollow organ? | show 🗑
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| Waht does GERD stand for? | show 🗑
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| show | GERD
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| show | GERD
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| What is caused when the LES is relaxed too much? | show 🗑
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| show | chocolate, peppermint, caffenine, alcohol, spicy and acidic foods
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| T/F: atresia only occurs in the esophagus. | show 🗑
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| show | diverticula
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| show | diverticula
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| What is the condition where diverticula become inflammed? | show 🗑
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| show | 1) traction 2)pulsion
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| show | *traction- is radiographically seen more "triangular" and results from scar tissue that toughens and pulls on esophagus *pulsion- radiographically more "rounded"; results of increased pressure from hollow organ
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| Which diverticula can result from disease that pulls on the esophagus? | show 🗑
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| show | pulsion
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| What are the two types of pulsion diverticula? | show 🗑
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| show | zenker's diverticulum
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| show | epiphrenic
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| What is the relationship between the size of the diverticulum and the pain the patient experiences? | show 🗑
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| show | benign stricture of the esophagus
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| show | yeast infection; if sick or taking antibiotics can become infected.
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| show | mucosal irregularity, shaggy appearance
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| What is candidiasis of the oral cavity called? | show 🗑
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| What is dysphagia? | show 🗑
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| show | painful swallowing
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| show | esophageal dilation with endoscopy: inflating a small balloon or tapered plastic dialators to stretch esophagus; repeated process
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| What are two different names for Achalasia? | show 🗑
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| What is achalasia? | show 🗑
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| show | esophagus from the stomach
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| show | "birds beak"; esohpagus looks extremely dilated, lacks peristalsis
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| show | bad breath
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| What condition has "fullness" sensation behind the sternum, progressive dysphasia, and severe halitosis? | show 🗑
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| What are varicose veins in submucosal layer of the esophagus? | show 🗑
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| show | long serpentine filling defects; barium has to go around the dilated veins
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| show | *medications: beta blockers *esophageal banding (ligation) *endoscopic sclerotherapy *shunt between portal and hepatic vein *liver transplant
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| What is esophageal banding? | show 🗑
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| show | endoscopic sclerotherapy
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| What is a hiatal hernia? | show 🗑
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| show | *sliding *paraesophageal *mixed
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| Describe a sliding hiatal hernia. | show 🗑
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| show | sliding hiatal hernia
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| What is the common indication of a sliding hiatal hernia? | show 🗑
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| What is the schatizki's ring? | show 🗑
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| T/F: a fixed hiatal hernia can reduce itself. | show 🗑
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| show | the fundus herniates through the diaphragm; esophageal junction remains below the diaphragm
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| show | the risk of volvulus and cutting off blood supply
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| What is the difference between a paraesophageal & sliding hiatal hernia? | show 🗑
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| show | intrathoracic stomach
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| What is an abnormal connection between any hollow anatomy (organ, vessel, or intestine) with another structure? | show 🗑
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| What causes a fistula? | show 🗑
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| What is tertiary peristalsis? | show 🗑
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| What does tertiary peristalsis look like radiographically? | show 🗑
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| What is Barrett's esophagus? | show 🗑
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| Barrett's esophagus has an increased risk of esophageal _____________. | show 🗑
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| show | complication of long term GERD
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| show | esophageal cancer
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| show | *napkin-ring defect
*annular lesion
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| What is the cause of esophageal cancer? | show 🗑
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| What is gastritis? | show 🗑
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| show | thickening of rugal folds
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| show | peptic ulcer
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| show | gastric ulcer
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| show | duodenal ulcer
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| What is a peptic ulcer situated in the esophagus? | show 🗑
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| show | bleeding or perforation
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| show | epigastric pain: usually relieved by eating but pain returns when stomach is empty.
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| What is the bacteria that usually causes ulcers? | show 🗑
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| What happens if barium leaks from a gastric ulcer that perforates? | show 🗑
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| What is it called when there is removal of distal stomach & pyloric antrum then resected to the jejunum? | show 🗑
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| show | gastrectomy
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| What is a mass of indigestible material that becomes trapped in the stomach? | show 🗑
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| What are the 3 types of bezoars? | show 🗑
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| What bezoar is normally formed from fruit/vegetable fibers and is the most common type of bezoar? | show 🗑
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| What bezoar is composed of hair and is from individuals who have a complusive desire to eat hair? | show 🗑
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| Which bezoar is from medications that don't properly dissolve in the digestive tract; an example is vitamins? | show 🗑
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| What are the options of treating bezoars? | show 🗑
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| show | congential
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| show | when intestines are not in normal position
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| Radiographically, what condition shows up as a "double bubble"? | show 🗑
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| show | ileus
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| Where can an ileus occur? | show 🗑
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| What are the two types of bowel obstructions? | show 🗑
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| What is the difference between the two types of bowel obstructions? | show 🗑
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| Radiographically, what is the difference between the two types of bowel obstruction? | show 🗑
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| If a radiograph has a "step ladder pattern" where is the obstruction? | show 🗑
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| What is pneumoperitoneum? | show 🗑
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| What is a condition where there is an absence of neurons (ganglion cells) in the bowel wall and prevents the intestines from relaxing properly? | show 🗑
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| show | congenital aganglionic megacolon
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| What happens if hirschsprung's disease is left undiagnosed? | show 🗑
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| show | IBD- inflammation bowel disease
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| What are the two types of IBDs? | show 🗑
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| What is another name for Crohn's disease? | show 🗑
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| What is Crohn's disease? | show 🗑
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| What are the three basic layers of the small instestines? (inside to outside) | show 🗑
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| show | thickening and rigidity of the intestinal wall
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| What does Crohn's disease look like radiographically? | show 🗑
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| Which quadrant is normally affected with Crohn's disease? | show 🗑
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| T/F: Crohn's disease can increase the risk of fistulas. | show 🗑
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| show | mucosal disease of the colon; affects mucosa and submucosa of the rectosigmoid, begins in the anus & ascends into the rectosigmoid
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| Radiographically, what does ulcerative colitis look like? | show 🗑
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| show | ulcerative colitis
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| What is it called when the colon and rectum are removed; small intestine is attached to the anal canal? | show 🗑
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| What is it called when the colon and rectum is removed and a stoma is created? | show 🗑
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| Which IBD type increases the risk for megacolon? | show 🗑
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| T/F: IBS is an inflammation disease. | show 🗑
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| show | Irritable bowel syndrome
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| What is a fistula? | show 🗑
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| show | toxic megacolon
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| show | volvulus
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| show | volvulus
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| show | colon polyps
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| show | sessile & pedunculated
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