Water Pollution Test
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Define Evaporation | the change of a substance form a liquid to a gas
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| Define Precipitation | any form of water that falls to Earth's surface from the clouds
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| How much water on the Earth is fresh water? | 3%
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| How much water on the Earth is salt water? | 97%
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| Of the freshwater, how much is available for drinking? | about 30%
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| Define surface water | water found on the surface
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| 5 examples of surface water | lakes, streams, rivers, wetlands, reservoirs
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| Surface water accumulates from ______________. | Precipitation
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| Only ______ of the surface water is a stable source of drinking water. | 1/3
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| _________ ____________ is a flowing network of water that flows into a river. | river system
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| _________ is the area of land that is drained by a river. | Watershed
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| _________ is water that seeps below the surface and stored underground. | groundwater
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| Where does the majority of our drinking water come from? | groundwater
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| _____ is the point at which rocks and soil are saturated. | Water Table
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| ________ is underground rock formations that store water. | Aquifer
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| What is porosity? | amount of space between the particles that make up rock
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| What is permeability? | ability of rock to allow water to flow
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| What is the largest aquifer in the world? | Ogallala
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| What is happening to Ogallala aquifer? | we are taking out water faster than it can be replaced
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| __________ is the area where water percolates through the sediment back to the ground water supply. | recharge zone
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| How long does it take for the water to percolate through the sediment in the recharge zone? | 3ft/year
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| List three global water uses. Where is most of the fresh water used? | agricultural, industrial, domestic
agriculture is where most is used
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| How much water does the average person use everyday? | 80 gallons
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| Most of the water indoors used by individuals is used for what two purposes? | washing clothes and showers
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| Most of the individual outdoor water use is used for what purposes? | car wash and watering lawn
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| What word means water is safe to drink? | potable
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| List three things that water treatment processes remove | sediments, toxins, and pathogens
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| Define pathogen | disease causing organisms
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| What is the primary use of water in agriculture? | to water crops-irrigation
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| What is the primary use of water in industries? | cooling
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| List two ways that we get water to people in areas where water is in short supply | water diversion and dams
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| What are problems with water diversion? | rarely makes it all the way to the Gulf of California because water is diverted from it
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| What are problems with dams? | people are displaced, ecosystems destroyed, dam failure, and rivers lose enriching sediment and land
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| List three ways that we might have a solution to water shortages | desalinization, moving freshwater, water conservation
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| Compare point and non-point pollution | point-can locate the source of pollution; non-point- cannot easily locate the source
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| Most pollution comes from what type of sources? about 96% | non-point
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| list the five principle water pollutants | pathogens, organic matter, organic chemicals, inorganic chemical, and heavy metals
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| How do pathogens enter the water? | sewage and waste
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| How do we treat water for pathogens? | add chlorine
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| List two ways that pesticides and fertilizers get into the water | farms and chemical dump sites
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| How does gas/oil get into the water? | runoff
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| How do heavy metals get into the water? | industry and mining
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| How do suspended particles affect the water? | makes the water cloudy where light cannot penetrate and photosynthesis is not able to take place
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| List two ways the thermo-pollution can cause problems | kills fish and destroys aquatic ecosystems
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| Define eutrophication | addition of organic substances that introduces nutrients into the water that causes algae to grow out of control causing bacteria to grow
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| which is hardest water to protect and clean? | groundwater
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| 85% of all ocean pollution comes form where? | runoff
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| ________ the accumulation of pollutants throughout the food chain | biomagnification
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| what heavy metal accumulates in fish? | mercury
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| What started the Clean Water Act of 1972? | Cuyahoga River caught on fire
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| What is the goal of the Clean Water Act? | "restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of nation's waters"
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| Know the 6 federal laws on water | 1.Clean Water Act of 1972
2. Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972
3. Safe Drinking Water Act of 1975
4. Comprehensive Environmental Response and Liability Act of 1980
5. Water Quality Act of 1987
6. Oil Pollution Act of 1990
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Created by:
aemiller
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