Plant Vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| autotroph | an organism that gets energy by producing its own food.
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| asexual reproduction | reproduction involving 1 parent
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| nonvascular | a plant that has no tubes ("veins") to transport water and nutrients
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| scientific name | an organisms genus and species
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| heterotroph | an organism that gets energy from other sources
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| dicot | a flowering plant that has 2 cotyledons, branching veins in its leaves, scattered vascular bundles in the stem, and flower parts in 4's and 5's
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| xylem | vascular tube that transports water up from the roots to the rest of the plant
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| vascular | a plant that has tubes ("veins") to transport water and nutrients
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| monocot | a flowering plant that has 1 cotyledon, parallel veins in its leaves, vascular bundles in a ring in the stem, and flower parts in 3's
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| sexual reproduction | reproduction involving 2 parents
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| phloem | vascular tube that transports food down from the leaves to the rest of the plant
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| anther | plant reproductive structure (male) that produces pollen
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| stigma | plant reproductive structure (female) that is sticky and catches pollen
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| filament | plant reproductive structure (male) that supports the anther
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| pistil | female plant reproductive structures
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| style | plant reproductive structure (female) that supports the stigma and connects it to the ovary
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| stamen | male plant reproductive structures
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| ovary | plant reproductive structure (female) that is where egg cells are produced
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| ovule | plant reproductive structure (female) that holds the fertilized egg (embryo)
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| embryo | a tiny new plant
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| spore | a plant cell that can create a whole new plant
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| germination | early stage of plant growth where the roots start to grow down and the stem starts to grow up
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| fertilization | when pollen goes from the stamen to the pistil and enters the ovule
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| dormant | a period of time when a plant stops growing (goes to sleep) and waits until the conditions are right
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| seed production | after fertilization, the ovule begins to grow and forms a fruit
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| plant development | as leaves grow and start making food for the plant, it gets larger and develops its own reproductive structures
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| cotyledon | a protective covering ("coat") for a seed
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| tropism | a response by part of a plant towards or away from a stimulus
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| phototropism | a plant's growth response to light
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| gravitropism | a plant's growth response to gravity
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| thigmotropism | a plant's growth response to touch
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| hydrotropism | a plant's growth response to water
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| fungus | a kingdom of organisms that cannot make their own food; instead they live in or on other organisms
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| photosynthesis | a process in which plants use water, carbon dioxide, and energy to produce sugars and oxygen
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| respiration | a process in which plants use oxygen and sugars to produce water, carbon dioxide, and energy
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| transpiration | a process in which plants control water loss through their leaves
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| stomata | small holes on the bottom of a leaf that let stuff in and out of the plant
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| guard cells | cells that open and close the stomata
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| chloroplasts | structures in the cells of plants where photosynthesis takes place
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| chlorophyll | green material in plants that trap energy from the sun
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| tubers/bulbs | underground stems that can grow into a whole new plant
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| runners | special stems that grow above ground and allow plants to reproduce asexually
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