Notes from Chap. 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Sumerians | ancient people from @4000bc that believed demons were the cause of illness
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| Imhotep | Egyptian 1st physician known by name, priest and advisor to pharoahs, Egyptian god of medicine
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| Hippocrates | Greek physician @ 400bc. developed more scientific approach that guided western medicine.
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| Hippocratic Oath | written by Hippocrates for Physicians to honor and follow
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| Aesculapius | Ancient greek physician said to have ben such a great Dr., that he was killed by Zeus at Plutos request and then named the god of Medicine
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| Panacea | goddess of medical herbs
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| Quinine | Medicine made from the bark of the Peruvian Cinchona tree to treat malaria
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| First anesthetic | cocaine, which lead way for procaine or novacaine
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| Shen Nung | Chinese emporer @3000bc, first know trial and error testing on herbs and plant. established over 365 herbs for health treatments
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| advantages for synthetic drugs | cost, effectiveness and availability
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| salicylic acid | found in the bark of the white willow tree, derived by chemists. a synthetic called acetylsalicylic acid is now popularly known as Aspirin
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| Papyrus Ebers | Egyptian 1100 pg scroll from 1500bc that includes 800 prescriptions and using about 700 plants
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| Shen Nung Pen Tsao | the first official Chinese herbal listing- 365 herbs for treatments. early forerunner to the FDA
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| Dioscorides | Greek Physician who wrote De Materia Medica. 5 books that describe over 600 plants and healing properties
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| Galen | greek physician who believed that their are 4 "humors" in good health. Advocated "bleedin" to assist in the balance.
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| Synthetic | with chemicals combining simpler chemicals into more complex compounds. not found in nature.
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| Pharmacology | Study of drugs and their properties, uses and applications and effects
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| Pharmacognosy | Derived from the greek word Pharmakon, the study of physical or chemical, biochemical and biological properties of drugs as well as the search for new drugs
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| pharmacopeia | an authoritative listing of drugs and issues related to their use
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| Pharmaceutical | of or about drugs, also a drug product.
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| Panacea | a cure all
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| Materia Medica | generally pharmacology but also refers to the drugs in use
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| Antitoxin | a substance that acts against a toxin in the body; also a vaccine containing antitoxins is used to fight disease
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| Antibiotic | substance which harms or kills microorganisms like bacteria or fungi
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| hormones | chemicals produced by the body that regulate body function and process
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| human genome | complete set of genetic material contained in a human cell
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| prescription | a drug that has been ordered by a physician to treat a patient
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| OBRA | Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act- requires pharmacists to counsel Medicaid patients about their prescriptions
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| Results of managed care | 1. majority of prescriptons now being paid for by private 3rd parties such as HMO's 2. a trend toward using formularies that are approved for use. Lists rely substantially on substituting generic drugs 3. Theraputic substitution= same function but less $
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| Data | information entered into and stored in a computer
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| Louis Pasteur | Showed that heat can kill microorganisms associated with food spoilage
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| Fleming | discovered penicillin can kill bacteria
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| Watson and crick | identified the structure of DNA
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| Patenting | protects against illeagal copying of new discoveries
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