Chapter8/10Vocab
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| acid | a compound that produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water
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| indicator | any substance that changes colorin the present of an acid or base.
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| base | a compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water
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| neutralization | the reaction between an acid and base
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| salt | negative ions in an acid and positive ions in a base combine toforma salt.
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| pH | the measure of hydronium ion concentration in a solution
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| buffer | a solutin resistant to large changes in pH
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| electrolyte | a subatance that ionizes or dissocates when its dissolved for water
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| radioactivity | the processin which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles and energy
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| radioisotope | any atom that contains an unstable nucleus
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| nuclear radiation | charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nuclei of radioisotopes
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| alpha particle | positively charged particle made up of two protons and nuetrons.
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| beta particle | an electron emitted by an unstable nucleus
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| gamma ray | the penetrating ray of energy emitted by an unstable nucleus
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| backround reading | nuclear radiation that occurs naturally
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| strong nuclear force | the attractive force that binds protons and neutrons to the nucleus
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| fission | the splitting of an atomic nucleus into two parts
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| chain reaction | neutrons released during the splitting of an initial nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fissions.
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| critical mass | the smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can withstand a chain reaction.
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| fusion | a process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to form a larger nucleus.
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| plasma | a state of matter in which atoms have been stripped of their electrons
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| solute | a substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution
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| solvent | substance in which the solute dissolves in a substance
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| dissociation | the process in which an ionic compound separates into ions as it dissolves
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| dispersion | how sugar dissolves in water
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| ionization | the processin which neutron molecules gain or lose electrons.
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