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Andrew Masich

Chapter8/10Vocab

TermDefinition
acid a compound that produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water
indicator any substance that changes colorin the present of an acid or base.
base a compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water
neutralization the reaction between an acid and base
salt negative ions in an acid and positive ions in a base combine toforma salt.
pH the measure of hydronium ion concentration in a solution
buffer a solutin resistant to large changes in pH
electrolyte a subatance that ionizes or dissocates when its dissolved for water
radioactivity the processin which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles and energy
radioisotope any atom that contains an unstable nucleus
nuclear radiation charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nuclei of radioisotopes
alpha particle positively charged particle made up of two protons and nuetrons.
beta particle an electron emitted by an unstable nucleus
gamma ray the penetrating ray of energy emitted by an unstable nucleus
backround reading nuclear radiation that occurs naturally
strong nuclear force the attractive force that binds protons and neutrons to the nucleus
fission the splitting of an atomic nucleus into two parts
chain reaction neutrons released during the splitting of an initial nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fissions.
critical mass the smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can withstand a chain reaction.
fusion a process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to form a larger nucleus.
plasma a state of matter in which atoms have been stripped of their electrons
solute a substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution
solvent substance in which the solute dissolves in a substance
dissociation the process in which an ionic compound separates into ions as it dissolves
dispersion how sugar dissolves in water
ionization the processin which neutron molecules gain or lose electrons.
Created by: andrew.masich
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