CH 3 3 of 4
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What is denaturation? | If a protein's environment is altered, the protein may change its shape or even unfold completely. This can happen when the pH, temperature, or ionic concentration of the surrounding solution changes.
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| What are the nucleic acids? | A nucleotide polymer; chidf types are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which is double stranded, and ribonucleic acid (RNA), which is typically single-stranded.
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| Describe the structure of nucleic acids. | A chain of five-carbon sugars linked together by phosphodiester bonds with a nitrogenous base protruding from each sugar.
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| Compare and contrast RNA with DNA. | DNA forms a double helix,uses deoxyribose as the sugar in sugar-phosphate backbone,and uses thymine among its nitrogenous bases.RNA is usually single stranded, uses ribose as the sugar in its sugar phosphate backbone,and uses uracil in place of thymine.
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| What are lipids? | A nonpolar hydrophobic organic molecule that is insoluble in water (which is polar) but dissolves readily in nonpolar organic solvents; includes fats, oils, waxes, steroids, phospholipids, and carotenoids.
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| Describe phospholipids. | Similar in structure to a fat, but having only two fatty acids attached to the glycerol backbone, the third space linked to a phosphorylated molecule.contains a polar hydrophilic"head"end(phosophate group)and nonpolar dydrophic "tail" end(fatty acids).
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| Fatty acids (1 type of Lipids) | are long-chain hydrocarbons with a carboxylic acid (COOH) at one end. Two fatty acids are attached to the glycerol backbone in a phospholipid molecule.
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| Glycerol (2nd type of Lipids) | Is a three-carbon polyalcohol (three - OH groups). Forms the backbone of the phospholipid molecule.
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| A phosphate group (3rd type of Lipids) | (-PO4 2-) attached to one end of the glycerol. The charged phosphate group usually ahs a charged organic molecule linked to it, such as choline, ethanolamine, or the amino acid serine.
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