Pattern Recognition
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| Pattern Recognition | The stage of perception during which a stimulus is identified.
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| Tachitoscope | A box that presents visual stimuli at a specified duration and level of illumination. (Not used anymore)
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| Template | An unanylized pattern that is matched against alternative patterns by using the degrees of overlap as a measure of similarity.
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| Sensory Store | The part of memory that hold unanalyzed sensory info for a fraction of a second, providing an opportunity for additional analysis following the physical termination of a stimulus.
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| Interstimulus Interval | The amount of time b/t the end of a stimulus and the beginning of another stimulus.
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| Feature Theory | A theory of pattern recognition that describes patterns in terms of their parts or features. (/ + \ + - = A)
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| Perceptual Confusion | A measure of the frequency with which two patterns are mistakenly identified as each other.
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| Distinctive Feature | A feature present in one pattern but absent in another, aiding one's discrimination of the two patterns.
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| Caricature | An exaggeration of distinctive features to make a pattern more distinctive.
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| Structural Theory | A theory that specifies how the features of a pattern are joined to other features of the pattern.
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| Geons | Different 3-D shapes that combine to form 3-D patterns.
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| Whole-report Procedure | A task that requires observers to report everything they see in a display of items.
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| Partial-report Procedure | A task in which observers are cued to report only certain items in a display of items.
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| Visual Information Store (VIS) | A sensory store that maintains visual information for approx. 1/4 of a second.
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| Rehersal | Repeating verbal information to keep it active in STM or to transfer it into LTM.
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| Auditory Information Store | In Sperling's model: maintains verbal information in STM through rehersal.
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| Serial Processing | Carrying out one operation at a time, such as pronouncing one word at a time.
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| Parallel Processing | Carrying out more than one operation at a time, such as looking at an art exhibit and making conversation.
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| Scan Component | The attention component of Sperling's model that determines what is recognized in the visaul information store.
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| Detection Paradigm | A procedure in which observers have to specify which of the two possible target patterns is present in a display.
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| Word Superiority Effect | The finding that accuracy in recognizing a letter is higher when the letter is in a word than when it appears alone or is in a nonword.
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| Interactive Activation Model | A theory that proposes that both feature knowledge and word knowledge combine to provide info about the ID of letters in a word.
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| Excitatory Connection | A positive association between concepts that belong together, as when a vertical line provides support for the possibility that a letter is K.
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| Inhibitory Connection | A negative association b/t concepts that do not belong together, as when the presence of a vertical line provides negative evidence that a letter is a C.
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| Parallel Distributed Processing (PDP) | When information is simulatenously collected from different sources and combined to reach a decision.
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| Neural Network Model | A theory in which concepts (nodes) are linked to other concepts through excitatory and inhibitory connections to approximate the behavior of neural networks in the brain.
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| Nodes | The format for representing concepts in a semantic network.
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| Activation Rule | A rule that determines how inhib. and excit. connections combine to determine the total activation of a concept.
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