material for Exam 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| First pass | when a drug that goes to the liver before being distributed to the rest of the body
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| Examples of first pass | Enternal (GI), oral or rectal, hepatic artery, or portal vein
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| Examples of non first pass | sublingual, parental, SUBQ, IM, topical, transdermal, or inhalation
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| Ways drugs are excreted | kidney, bowel, lungs, sweat, salivary glands, and mammary glands
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| Agonist | makes a body process happen that would normally happen, just quicker
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| Antagonist | inhibits something the body naturally does from happening
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| Agonist example | Insulin
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| Antagonist example | beta blockers
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| Enzyme interaction | prevents an enzyme reaction from happening in the body
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| Non-specific Interaction | don’t do anything to the persons body, it has another action
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| Non-specific Interaction example | Antibiotics
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| Enzyme interaction example | ACE inhibitors
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| Theraputic index | ratio between a drug's theraputic benefit and it's toxis effects
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| Tolerance | A decreasing response to repeated drug use
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| Dependance | a physiological or psychological need for a drug
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| additive effect | drugs with similar actions work together
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| synergistic effect | combined effect is greater than if used alone
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| antagonist effect | drug effects are less than if given separately
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| idiosyncratic reaction | abnormal response to the drug
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| iatrogenic effects | unintentional treatment
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| teratogenic effects | drugs harmful to fetus
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| mutagenic | drug causes alteration in chromosome structure
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| Carcinogenic | chemicals and drugs that cause cancer
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| C-1 drug | no medical reason to give
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| C-2 drug | highly addictive but have medical use
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| C-3 | counted meds
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| C-4 | counted meds
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| C-5 | controlled but sold OTC
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| Saw Palmetto | diuretic, treatment of BPH
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| Garlic | blood thinner
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| Goldenseal | Antibacterial, antifungal, and antiprotozoal
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| Ginko Biloba | helps boosts memory
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| St. Johns Wart | antidepressant
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| Valerian | sleep aid
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| adverse effects of opioids | sedation, respiratory depression, euphoria, bradycardia
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| meperidine-like drugs | fentanyl, -nil drugs
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| Mathadone-like drugs | methadone
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| morphine-like drugs | heroin, codine, hydrocodone
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| other classification | tramadol
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