Definitions
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| Competition | The fight for limited resources.
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| Predation | Where one organism hunts, kills and eats another to obtain its nutrition.
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| Predator | The animal that does the hunting.
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| Prey | The animal that is hunted.
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| Trophic Level | The level at which an organism gains its nutrition.
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| Parasitism | A form of nutrition where one organism gains its nutrition by feeding directly on the other organism, causing it harm.
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| Interdependence | Where two or more organisms depend on one another within an ecosystem.
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| Biosphere | That part of the planet containing living organisms.
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| Ecosystem | A group of clearly distinguished organisms that interact with their environment as a unit.
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| Habitat | The place where an organism lives.
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| Population | All the members of the same species living in an area.
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| Community | All the different populations in an area.
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| Abiotic factors | Non-living factors.
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| Biotic factors | Living factors.
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| Climatic factors | Refer to weather over a long period of time.
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| Edaphic factors | Relating to soil.
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| Producers | Organisms that can make their own food.
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| Flora | The plant life in an ecosystem.
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| Consumers | Organisms that take in food made by other organisms.
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| Fauna | All the animal life in an ecosystem.
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| Decomposers | Organisms that feed on dead organic matter
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| Detritus feeders | Organisms that feed on small pieces of dead organic matter.
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| Food web | Consists of two or more interlinked food chains.
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| Pyramid of numbers | Represents the number of organisms at each trophic level in a food chain.
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| Niche | The functional role that an organism plays in the community.
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| Nutrient recycling | The way in which elements are exchanged between the living and the non-living components of an ecosystem.
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| Nitrogen fixation | The conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia, ammonium or nitrate.
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| Nitrification | The conversion of ammonia and ammonium compounds to nitrite and then to nitrate.
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| Denitrification | The conversion of nitrates to nitrogen gas.
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| Pollution | Any harmful addition to the environment that makes it less able to sustain life.
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| Pollutants | Harmful additions to the environment.
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| Conservation | The wise management of the existing natural resources in an ecosystem in order to maintain a wide range of habitats and prevent the death and extinction of organisms.
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| Intra-specific competition | Takes place between members of the same species.
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| Inter-specific competition | Takes place between members of different species.
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| Contest competition | An active physical contest between two individual organisms where one organism gets the resource and the other is left without it.
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| Scramble competition | All of the competing organisms get some of the resource.
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| Symbiosis | Occurs when two organisms of different species live (or may have to live) in close association and at least one of them benefits.
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| Qualitative study | Records the presence or absence of organisms.
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| Quantitative study | Records the numbers of organisms that are present.
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| Adaptation | Any alteration that improves an organism's chances of survival and reproduction
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| Key | A means of naming organisms by answering a series of questions with alternative answers.
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| Percentage cover | An estimate of the amount of ground in a quadrat covered by each species
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Created by:
J Glennon
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