Chapter4
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Planning | show 🗑
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Types of planning | show 🗑
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show | -Provides direction
-Reduces uncertainty
-Minimizes waste and redundancy
-Sets the standards for controlling
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show | -Formal planning is associated with:
*Higher profits and returns of assets.
*Positive financial results.
-The quality of planning and implementation affects performance more than the extent of planning.
-The external environment can reduce the impact
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show | Goals
plan
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show | -Desired outcomes for individuals, groups, or entire organizations
-Provide direction and evaluation performance criteria
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Plans | show 🗑
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show | Financial Goals
Strategic Goals
Stated Goals versus Real Goals
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Financial Goals | show 🗑
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Strategic Goals | show 🗑
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show | Broadly-worded official statements of the organization (intended for public consumption) that may be irrelevant to its real goals (what actually goes on in the organization).
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State Goals | show 🗑
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Real Goals | show 🗑
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Strategic Plans | show 🗑
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show | Specify the details of how the overall goals are to be achieved.
Cover short time period
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Long-Term Plans | show 🗑
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Short-Term Plans | show 🗑
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Specific Plans | show 🗑
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Directional Plans | show 🗑
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show | A one-time plan specifically designed to meet the need of a unique situation.
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Standing Plans | show 🗑
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show | Broad goals are set at the top of the organization.
Goals are then broken into subgoals for each organizational level.
Assumes that top management knows best because they can see the “big picture.”
Goals are intended to direct, guide, and constrain fro
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show | Specific performance goals are jointly determined by employees and managers.
Progress toward accomplishing goals is periodically reviewed.
Rewards are allocated on the basis of progress towards the goals.
Key elements of MBO:
Goal specificity, partici
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show | The organization’s overall objectives and strategies are formulated.
Major objectives are allocated among divisional and departmental units.
Unit managers collaboratively set specific objectives for their units with their managers.
Specific objectives
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Reason for MBO Success | show 🗑
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show | Not as effective in dynamic environments that require constant resetting of goals.
Overemphasis on individual accomplishment may create problems with teamwork.
Allowing the MBO program to become an annual paperwork shuffle.
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Characteristics of Well-Designed Goals | show 🗑
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Steps in Goal Setting | show 🗑
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Contingency Factors in A Manager’s Planning | show 🗑
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show | Establishing a formal planning department
A group of planning specialists who help managers write organizational plans.
Planning is a function of management; it should never become the sole responsibility of planners.
Involving organizational members i
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Criticisms of Planning | show 🗑
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Effective Planning in Dynamic Environments | show 🗑
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
Strango
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