Confusion and Dementia
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| involves memory, thinking, reasoning, ability to understand, judgment, and behavior | cognitive function
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| a state of sudden, severe confusion and rapid brain changes | delirium
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| a false belief | delusion
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| the loss of cognitive function that interferes with routine personal, social, and occupational activities | dementia
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| when a person leaves the center without staff knowledge | elopement
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| seeing, hearing, smelling, or feeling something that is not real | hallucination
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| a disorder of the mind. the person has false beliefs and suspicion about a person or situation | paranoia
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| false dementia | pseudodementia
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| signs, symptoms, and behaviors of AD increase during the hours of darkness | sundowning
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| AD | alzheimer's disease
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| ADL | activities of daily living
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| NIA | National instintue of aging
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| OBRA | omnibus budget reconcilliation act of 1987
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| What are causes of confusion in older persons? | hearing loss, vision loss, reduced blood supply to the brain
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| Aging causes | changes in the brain and nervous system
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| Cognitive function involves | memory and thinking
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| Causes of confusion in older persons | reduced blood supply to the brain, hearing loss, vision loss
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| Personality and mental changes are common with . | confusion
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| You would expect the person who is confused to | have difficulty with activities of daily living
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| Infection, illness, and injury are common causes of | confusion
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| A resident is confused. The person usually naps after lunch. What should you do? | Follow the person's routine
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| A resident is confused. Open drapes during the day. | True
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| The person with dementia may have delirium and depression | delirium and depression
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| Early warning signs of dementia | misplacing things and putting things in unusual places, getting lost in familiar places.
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| _______________is the most common cause of permanent dementia. | Alzheimer's Disease
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| The person with permanent dementia has signs and symptoms of | dementia
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| ____________ can occur with delirium and depression. | Pseudodementia
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| Delirium is common with older people with | acute illnesses
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| Depression, aging, and some drug side effects have | similar signs and symptoms
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| With Alzheimer’s disease the person has | behavior, mood, and personality changes
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| At what age do the first symptoms of AD usually occur? | After age 60
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| What is the cause of AD? | Unknown
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| What is the classic sign of AD? | Gradual loss of short-term memory
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| What problems occur early in mild AD | difficulty managing money
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| A resident has AD. Forgetting names is probably caused by . | AD.
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| A resident has AD. Not being able to tell time is probably caused by | AD.
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| A resident is in the last stage of AD. The person’s care plan should include | providing for all ADL
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| A resident has AD. What behavior has greatest risk for danger? | wandering
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| What are possible causes of wandering? | Pain, restlessness, and anxiety
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| The Alzheimer’s Association has a program for persons who wander. The program is called | safe return
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| A resident has AD. She tends to wander. Her care plan should include Making sure that she wears her ID bracelet. | Making sure that she wears her ID bracelet.
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| A resident with AD experiences sundowning every day. The person’s care plan should include providing adequate lighting. | providing adequate lighting
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| A resident has AD. The person’s hallucinations include seeing “kitty cats” in the closet. What should you do? | Make sure the person wears needed eyeglasses and preventing glares, shadows, and reflections
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| A resident has AD. The person thinks that the food contains poison. This is called | delusion
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| A resident has AD. The person thinks that the food contains poison. What might help? | Taking the person for a walk.
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| Catastrophic reactions usually occur from | too many stimuli at one time
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| A resident has AD. Sometimes, the person is agitated and combative. The person is pacing and trying to hit others. What would be helpful. | Providing a calm, quiet setting
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| A resident has AD. The person often screams a word in a foreign language. You know that screaming is | the person's way of communication
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| A resident has AD. The person often screams a word in a foreign language. Possible causes of screaming are | the person is reacting to a family member
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| Persons with AD may have abnormal sexual behaviors. The behaviors are abnormal because | of how and when they occur
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| Persons with AD may have abnormal sexual behaviors. What is a normal behavior? | Hugging and kissing one's partner
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| A resident has AD. She is trying to rub her perineum through her clothes. She may have | discomfort in her urinary or reproductive system
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| A resident has AD. His wife visits daily. They like to touch, hold hands, and kiss. Provide | privacy
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| A resident has AD. You find him masturbating in another person’s room. What should you do? | guide him to his room
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| A resident has AD. Sometimes the person has repetitive behaviors. This means that the person | repeats the same motion or word over and over again
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| A resident has AD. The person keeps saying: “Where’s Mama? Where’s Mama? Where’s Mama?” What may be helpful? | Taking the person for a walk
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| While caring for a person with AD, you find yourself becoming frustrated and short-tempered. The person has the same rights as other residents. | True
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| A resident has AD. As death nears, the person may need | Hospice
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| Persons with AD are at risk for | infection
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| You care for several residents with AD. Why must you report behavior changes to the nurse? | this may signal other illnesses or injuries
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| A resident has AD. When planning activities for the person, the therapist considers the person’s | the staff's abilities and interests
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| A resident has problems finding her room, the bathroom, the dining room, and so on. What might help her? | Picture signs
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| A resident has AD. The person easily becomes agitated and combative. What might help the person? | Keeping the person’s treasures nearby
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| A resident has AD. The person’s communication is impaired. When talking to the person, Use a ____________ voice. | calm, gentle
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| A resident has AD. Which is the correct way to gain the person’s attention? | Approach the person from the front
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| A resident has AD. The person is trying to tell you something. What should you do? | Let the person speak, do not interrupt the person
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| A resident has AD. You are helping her dress. What do you do? | Let her chose between a dress and a pant suit.
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| A resident has AD. You find shampoo in the person’s room. This is unsafe | unsafe
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| A maintenance worker left a hammer at the nurses’ station. What should you do? | Place It in a secure drawer. Then report its location to the maintenance department
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| Place_____ in electrical outlets is a safety measure to protect persons with AD. | safety plugs
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| A resident has AD. The person’s care plan should include following the person’s bedtime rituals to promote sleep. | sleep
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| A resident has AD. You are helping the person dress. A ________________________will cause the fewest problems. | front opening garment
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| A resident has AD. You are helping the person dress. What do you do? | Tell the person what to do with each clothing item.
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| A resident has AD. When providing for the person’s basic needs. What do you do? | have equipment ready for any procedure, provide for personal hygiene, oral hygiene, and skin care
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| A nursing center has a secured unit for persons with AD. OBRA considers secured units to be | physical restraints
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| When a person’s care needs became great, the person’s family agreed on the need for nursing center care. You would expect family members to experience | guilt
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| A resident has AD. His daughter has three children in high school and college. His daughter is likely to find herself in | the sandwich generation
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| A person has AD. ______________________________can offer the person’s daughter support and encouragement. | An Alzheimer's support group
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| A resident has AD. The person’s rights are protected by OBRA. Give the person__________ to protect the person’s right to personal choice. | simple choices
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| A resident has AD. She carries a small stuffed animal that is coming apart at the seams. What should you do? | protect it from further damage
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| A resident has AD. She tends to wander and is sometimes combative. Her son asks you to restrain her. Restraints can make confused and demented behaviors | worse
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| Confused and demented behaviors are often hard to handle. Therefore, persons who are confused or have AD are at risk for | abuse, mistreatment and neglect
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| A resident has AD. What activities should you encourage the person to do? | the ones in the person's care plan
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| Proper use of validation therapy requires | special training
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