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Cardiovascular System

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Term
Definition
Anemia   a condition in which the amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the body is less than normal  
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Angina Pectoris   chest pain, pressure, or discomfort  
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Anti-Embolic Stockings   special stockings used to help prevent swelling and blood clots and aid circulation; also called elastic stockings  
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Artery   vessel that carries blood away from the heart  
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Atria   the upper two chambers of the heart  
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Capillaries   tiny blood vessels in which the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products occurs between blood and cells  
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Cardiomyopathy   a weakening of the heart muscle due to enlargement or thickening, which reduces the heart's ability to pump blood effectively  
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Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)   a condition in which the heart muscle is damaged and fails to pump effectively  
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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)   a condition in which the coronary arteries become damaged and narrow over time, causing chest pain and other syptoms  
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Diastole   phase when the heart muscle relaxes  
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Heart   four-chambered pump that is responsible for the flow of blood in the body  
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Hypoxia   a condition in which the body does not receive enough oxygen  
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Nitroglycerin   medication that relaxes the walls of the coronary arteries  
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Occlusion   a complete obstruction of a blood vessel  
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Orthopnea   shortness of breath when lying down that is relieved by sitting up  
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Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)   a condition in which the legs, feet, arms, or hands do not have enough circulation  
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Phlebitis   inflammation of the veins in the lower extremities  
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Pulmonary Edema   a condition in which there is an accumulation of fluid in the lungs usually due to heart failure  
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Stable Angina   chest pain that occurs when a person is active or under severe stress  
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Systole   phase where the heart is at work, contracting and pushing blood out of the left ventricle  
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Unstable Angina   chest pain that occurs while a person is at rest and not exerting himself  
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Vein   vessel that carries blood back to the heart  
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Ventricles   the lower two chambers of the heart  
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Hypertension   or high blood pressure, when blood pressure consistently measures 140/90 or higher  
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Hypotension   or low blood pressure, when blood pressure consistently measures 100/60 or lower  
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