Chapter 15
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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show | Skin, mucous membranes, lacrimal apparatus, normal microbiota, antimicrobial peptides
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Second line of host defense | show 🗑
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show | skin
mucous membranes
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show | Physical barrier to pathogens (has chemicals that defend against pathogens)
*Perspiration secreted by sweat glands
*Sebum secreted by sebaceous (oil) glands
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show | Salt
Antimicrobial peptides – sweat glands
Lysozyme
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Sebum | show 🗑
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Where can mucous membranes be found? | show 🗑
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mucous | show 🗑
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show | is had by cilia in respiratory tract, holds mucous. When clearing throat the mucous is either swallowed or coughed out. When coughed out the bacteria is expelled from the body;when swallowed it is killed off by the acidity of the stomach
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Lacrimal apparatus | show 🗑
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show | *helps protect the body by competing with potential pathogens
*Helps stimulate the body’s second line of defense
(antimicrobial peptide found in neutrophil (WBC))
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Examples of normal microbiota | show 🗑
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The Body’s Second Line of Defense | show 🗑
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Defense Components of Blood | show 🗑
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show | non-specific host defense that uses chemotaxis to move towards infection
*Cells capable of phagocytosis are called phagocytes
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Nonspecific Chemical Defenses Against Pathogens | show 🗑
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Complement | show 🗑
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show | Protein molecules released by host cells to nonspecifically inhibit the spread of viral infections
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Inflammation | show 🗑
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show | constantly circulates in the blood stream, phagocytic, when inflammation occurs we get loosening up of venules and monocyte leaving blood cycle goes into tissue (diapedesis)
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Fever | show 🗑
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show | trigger the hypothalamus
types: bacterial toxins (LPS, diptheria)
cytoplasmic contents of bacteria released by lysis
antibody-antigen cmplexes
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show | vaccinations
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Physical barriers? | show 🗑
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show | exchange of bodily fluid (AIDS virus, TB)
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Ingestion of contaminated food/water – e.g.? | show 🗑
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show | Anthrax, Influenza, TB
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show | mosquitoes (biological)/malaria
fly/salmonella
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show | Rheumatoid Arthritis, lupus, HIV
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What problems can prevent the immune system from working properly? | show 🗑
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show | stop the body from rejecting the (host graph rejection); more susceptible to viruses
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Why is rapid detection of disease exposure important? | show 🗑
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show | *Stands for Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
*In our lab, we used this method to detect the presence of an antigen (foreign material)
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Created by:
izis