Essentials of Radiation Biology and Protection 2nd Edition
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Undifferentiated, precursor, or stem cells are other names for: | Immature Cells
🗑
|
||||
| Cells which are considered highly radiosensitive include: | Lymphocytes, Spermatagonia, Erythroblasts, and Intestinal Crypt Cells
🗑
|
||||
| What is considered to be the most radiosensitive phases of the cell cycle? | G1 into early S-Phase
🗑
|
||||
| What are considered to be the most radioresistant phases of the cell cycle? | Mid-to Late S-phase
🗑
|
||||
| What is considered to be the most radiosensitive part of a cell? | Nucleus
🗑
|
||||
| Cell death which occurs before mitosis is termed: | Interphase Death
🗑
|
||||
| Chromosome produced radiation damage can be analyzed during which portion of the cell cycle? | Metaphase
🗑
|
||||
| What will affect cell response to radiation? | Linear Energy Transfer(LET), Relative Biologic Effectiveness(RBE), Oxygen Enhancement Ratio(OER)
🗑
|
||||
| What is a measure of the energy transferred to material as an ionizing particle travels through it? This measure is used to quantify the effects of ionizing radiation on biological specimens. | Linear Energy Transfer(LET)
🗑
|
||||
| What is the measure of the capacity of a specific ionizing radiation to produce a specific biological effect, expressed relative to a reference radiation, such as radium gamma rays or 200-volt x-rays | Relative Biologic Effectiveness(RBE)
🗑
|
||||
| What refers to the enhancement of therapeutic or detrimental effect of ionizing radiation due to the presence of oxygen? | Oxygen Enhancement Ratio(OER)
🗑
|
||||
| The breakdown of water using radiation is termed: | Radiolysis
🗑
|
||||
| An uncharged molecule that contains a single unpaired electron in its outermost shell, which makes it chemically unstable and highly reactive is termed: | Free Radical
🗑
|
||||
| The primary effect of irradiating macromolecules in vitro include: | Main-Chain Scission, Cross-Linking, Point Lesions
🗑
|
||||
| What occurs when the thread or backbone of a long-chain molecule is broken, resulting in numerous smaller molecules: | Main-Chain Scission
🗑
|
||||
| What creates a stickiness on a macromolecule, causing it to connect to another macromolecule, or to another section of the same molecule | Cross-Linking
🗑
|
||||
| Irradiation of macromolecules may result in disturbance of single chemical bonds, which create molecular lesions, also known as: | Point Lesions
🗑
|
||||
| At low radiation doses, most cellular radiation damage is the result of: | Point Lesions
🗑
|
||||
| At the doses received in diagnostic radiology, only _____ types of chromosomal aberrations are seen: | Single-Hit
🗑
|
||||
| What is said to occur when an original ionizing event occurs directly on that macromolecule,e.g. DNA: | Direct Interaction
🗑
|
||||
| What occurs if the initial ionizing incident takes place on a distant noncritical molecule, which then transfers the ionization of energy to another molecule? | Indirect Interaction
🗑
|
||||
| hat is most commonly acted upon directly by ionizing radiation to produce indirect effects? | Water
🗑
|
||||
| A graphical representation of observed effects compared with radiation dose is termed: | Dose-Response Relationship(curve)
🗑
|
||||
| A graphical representation of the relationship between radiation dose and observed response, in which any dose may have a potential effect, and there is a direct relationship between dose and effect: | Linear Dose-Response Curve
🗑
|
||||
| On a dose-response curve, the point where radiation begins to produce an effect is known as the: | Threshold
🗑
|
||||
| Nonthreshold | Assumes that any radiation dose produces an effect
🗑
|
||||
| According to the target theory, what is considered to be the critical target in the cell? | DNA
🗑
|
||||
| Which portion of the cell survival curve proves that some damage must accumulate before death can occur? | Shoulder
🗑
|
||||
| What is considered to be most radiosensitive? | Fetus
🗑
|
||||
| How does oxygen retention affect cell radiosensitivity? | Increases Radiosensitivity
🗑
|
||||
| What is used to describe cell damage from radiation that is not sufficient to kill the cell? | Sublethal Dose
🗑
|
||||
| Why is free radical formation considered such a threat to humans? | Free radicals have been observed to produce toxic effects
🗑
|
||||
| Of the stages of accumulate , which is the most radiosensitive? | Telophase
🗑
|
||||
| As Linear Energy Transfer(LET) increases, how is Relative Biologic Effectiveness(RBE) affected? | With an increase in LET, RBE also increases
🗑
|
||||
| The type of irradiation damage most likely to cause abnormalities in base sequences, and thus cell mutation, would be? | Base Damage
🗑
|
||||
| The term _____ is used to describe the effects of radiation on cells that are adjacent to those directly affected by radiation: | Bystander Effects
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
Dallas1856
Popular Radiology sets