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Unit 2: The Chemistry of Life

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Term
Definition
Carbohydate   A large macromolecule or polymer, composed of monomers of monosaccharides, used as a quick energy source  
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Lipid   A large macromolecule or polymer, composed of monomers of fatty acids, used as energy storage or insulation  
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Protein   A large macromolecule or polymer, composed of monomers of amino acids, used for structure and to speed up metabolism (chemical reactions)  
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Nucleic Acid   A large macromolecule or polymer, composed of monomers of nucleotides, used for heredity  
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Polymer   A large molecule made up of many monomers  
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Organic   Containing carbon  
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Monomer   The piece (building block) that are used to make a large molecule (polymer)  
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Monosaccharide   The monomer (building block) of a carbohydrate. It means "one sugar" or "simple sugar"  
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Nucleotide   The monomer (building block) of a nucleic acid. It is composed of a phosphate, simple sugar, and nitrogen base  
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Fatty Acid   The monomer (building block) of a lipid.  
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Amino Acid   The monomer (building block) of a protein  
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Glucose   A simple carbohydrate (monosaccahride) that is the sugar found in blood.  
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Glycogen   A complex carbohydrate that is the storage form of sugar in animals  
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Starch   A complex carbohydrate that is the storage form of sugar in plants  
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Enzyme   A protein that is a biological catalyst that speeds up metabolism (chemical reactions)  
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Keratin   A protein that is found in skin cells  
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DNA   A double-stranded nucleic acid, composed of monomers of nucleotides, that is responsible for heredity  
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RNA   A single-stranded nucleic acid, composed of monomers of nucleotides, that is responsible for heredity  
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Created by: Biomonsters
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