Antineoplastic
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| What is antineoplastic mean? | Against new tissue growth like cancers
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| Why do cancer cells grow uncontrollably? | 1. they do not have growth control mechanisms 2. Do not have positive physiologic fx
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| What is a cancerous primary legion? | Original site of growth
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| What is metastasis? | Uncontrolled cell growth, secondary lesion in new, remote part of body
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| What is neoplasm? | Mass of new cells, tumor
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| What two types of tumors? | benign, malignant
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| What are three types of cancer? | 1.Carcinomas- arise from epithelial cells "epi car"
2.Sarcomas- from connective tissue ex: 3.Kaposi's sarcoma-Lymphomas/Leukemias- circulating tumors or hematologic malignancies
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| What are paraneoplastic syndromes? | Alongside with cancer cachexia- most common, fatigue, fever, wt loss
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| Chemotherapy is subdivided in two groups | 1.cell cycle-nonspecific (CCNS) 2.cell cycle-specific (CCS)
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| How do CCS-cell cycle specific drugs work on cancer? | Cytotoxic- hurt cell at certain phase
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| What is important to know about chemotherapy? | Narrow therapeutic window combo better drug resistance adverse effect dose limiting adverse effects
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| Which non cancerous cells do chemotherapy effect the most? | Rapid growing like hair follicles, GI tract, bone marrow
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| Name 5 types of cancer tumors that cell cycle specific drugs attack | antimetabolites
mitotic inhibitors
alkaloid topoisomerase 2 inhibitors Topoisomerase I inhibitor
Antineoplastic enzymes
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| How do antimetabolites work | 1.falsely substituting for purines, pyrimidines, or folic aci
2.inhibiting critical enzymes involved in the synthesis or function of these compounds
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| what is example of antimetabolite | 1.Folate Antagonists(DNA only)
2.Purine Antagonists
3.Pyrimidine Antagonists
All effect DNA and RNA
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| Antimetabolite Adverse Effects | Tumor Lysis Syndrome-includes hyperphosphatemia, hyperlalemia, hypoclcemia, hyperuricemia
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| Antineoplastic Toxicity | Neurologic, Cardiovascular, Pulmonary, Hepatobiliary, GI, Genitourinary, Dermatologic, Ocular, Otic, Metabolic
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| What do Mitotic Inhibitors Do? | Work before/during Mitosis, CCS
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| What natural plants are mitotic inhibitors derived from? | Periwinkle, Yew, Mayapple(Mandrake)
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| Mitotic Inhibitor & Etoposide Extravasation Antidote | Hyaluronidase
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| Antimetabolites drugs | Folate -methotrexate
Purine - Cladribine, Fludarabine
Pyrimidine-Capecitabine, Fluorouracil, Gemcitabine, Cytarabine
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| Mitotic Inhibitor Drugs | Etoposide, Paclitaxel, Vincristine
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| What do Topisomerace 2 inhibitor do? | CCS, hurt DNA S phase
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| Topisomerace 2 inhibitor Adverce Effects | Bone Marrow Suppression
Irinotecan -odd effect
-Cholinergic Diarrhea (delayed, 2-10 days later)
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| Topisomerace 2 inhibitor Drugs | Irinotecan, Topotecan
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Created by:
mary_ray
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