Test 2 Study Stack
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Attitude Approach | Attitudes affect behaviors. Made up of Beliefs, Values, Attitudes, and Opinions. Cognitive Dissonance makes it hard for people to change attitudes.
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| How to regain cognitive balance? | 1. Change the attitude or behavior (least likely). 2. Ignore new information. 3. Recast the rationale for attitude and behavior. 4. Devalue new information - Discredit the source
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| Socialization Approach | The process by which people learn political norms of society. It never ends and is interactive.
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| What are the agents of Socialization? | 1. Family. 2. School. 3. Peer Groups. 4. Reference Groups (Catholic Church, Worker Union). 5. Media
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| Social Learning Theory | Author: Albert Bandura. Book: Aggression: A social-learning Bandura Analysis. Theory: All actions take place in an enviornment and have cause effects. Actions have consequences. People change behavior based on consequences. That's social learning.
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| Judicial Roles: Interest Group Theory | Theorist: David Truman. Book: The Governmental Approach. Theory: Interest Group Theory: Society is composed of groups. Goals of different interests groups compete with each other. Policy that emerges will be result of clashes from all political groups.
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| Elitism | Theorist: C Wright Mills. Book: The Power Elite. Power is concentrated in hands of few: Those who control the military, economy, and political system. Hard to get into Elitism. Also hard to fall out.
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| Pluralism | Theorist: Robert Dahl. Book: Who Governs?
Power is widely distributed. Many groups have power, not just elite people. Interest Groups have great power.
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| Ecological Fallacy | Where a researcher researches things at the group level and applies the resulting theory to inviduals
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| Individual Fallacy | When a Researcher researches individuals and applies results to groups and systems.
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| Small Group Approach: Groupthink | Theorist: Irving Janis. Book: Victims of Groupthink.
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| Groupthink occurs when: | Group has strucutral faults: Insulation of group, having leaders who are partial to their own group, no independent decision making process, and members of similar background. They have high stress and low self-esteem
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| Symptoms of Groupthink: | Believe group is stronger than it is, that is invulnerable. Group doesn't accept information that doesn't agree with its ideals. A pressure exists to tow the line the leaders set.
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| Systems Approach: | Theorist: David Easton. The Political System. As theory and organizing framework
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| Communications Approach | Theorist: Karl Deutsch. Book: The Nerves of Government. Key concepts: Information. Load = Volume of Information. Lag- Time between info entering the system and response. Distortion: How does the information change (eg. telephone). Feedback
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| Ryker: | Believed government leaders should win by only a little bit. Creates best conditions for party. Every member is necessary in coalition and therefore members can make demands
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| schlesinger | Political science is culmulative because different theorists have different perspectives on government and can complement each other.
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| Biopolitics | Theorist: Thomas Wiegele. Book: Biopolitics Blends life sciences and social sciences. Human behavior affects biology. However, does not claim biological determinism.
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| Personality | Theorist: James David Barber. Book: Presidential Character. Made distinctions of 20th Century Presidents. 4 catagories, split into positive/negative, active/passive. Active Positives are best presidents.
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