Chapter 2 The Neuron
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| convey information about the environment, such as light or sound, form specialized receptor cells and the sense organs to the brain. They also carry information from the skin and internal organs to the brain | Sensory Neurons
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| communicate information to the muscles and glands of the body. Simply blink your eyes activates thousands of motor neurons | Motor Neurons
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| communicate information between neurons. By far, most of interneurons connect other interneurons | Interneurons
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| short branching fibers extending from the cell body receive messages from other neurons or specialized cells many branches give it greater surface ares, which increases the amount of information the neuron can receive | Dendrites
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| is a single, elongated tube that extends from the cell body in most, though not all , neurons (some neurons do not have axons) carry information form the neuron to other cells in the body, including other neurons, glands, and muscles vary by length | Axon
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| provide structural support for neurons throughout the nervous system | Glial Cells
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| This type of Glial cell removes waste products form the nervous system, including dead and damaged neurons | Microgliea
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| This type of Glial cell is the most abundant cell type in the human brain they provide connections between neurons development and communication information among neurons | Astrocytes
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| in the brain and Schwann cells in the rest of the nervous system, form the myelin sheath | Oligodendrocytes
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| a white fatty covering that is wrapped around the axons of some, but not all, neurons | Myelin Sheath
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| small gaps in the myelin sheath | Nodes of Ravier
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| a brief electrical impulse caused by messages being transmitted by the dendrites cell bodies, and transmitted along the axon is produced by the movement of electrical charge particles, called ions, across the membrane of the axon some positive some neg | Action Potential
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| each neuron requires a minimum level of stimulation from other neurons or sensory receptors to activate it. This minimum level of stimulation is called the neurons...? | Stimulus Threshold
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| -70 mili-volts is referred to as the neurons...? | Resting Potential
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| there is no such thing as partial action potential, either it happens all the way to the end of the axon or it does not happen at all | All or None Law
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| following the action potential occurs during which the neuron is unable to fire lasts for about a thousandth of a second or less during this time the neuron depolarized and reestablished the negative inside, positive outside | Refractory Period
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| the point of communication between two neurons | Synapse
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| the message sending neuron | Presynaptic Neuron
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| the message receiving neuron | Postsynaptic Neuron
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| presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons are separated by a tiny fluid filled space called...? | Synaptic Gap
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