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8th Grade - Food Webs

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Term
Definition
Food Chain   A path of food energy from the Sun to the producer then transferred to a series of consumers  
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Food Web   The elaborate interconnected feeding relationship in an ecosystem  
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Trophic Level   The position an organism occupies on the food web  
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Producer   An organism that is capable of performing photosynthesis to use the Sun's energy directly  
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Consumer   An organism that must consume other organisms for nutrients  
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Herbivore   An organism that consumes only plants  
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Carnivore   An organism that consumes other animals  
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Omnivore   An organism that consumes both animals and plants  
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Parasite   An organism that survives on a host of organism and causes harm to the host  
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Host   An organism that is used by another organism for nutrients, shelter or transport. It is harmed by the relationship.  
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Predator   An organism that hunts for its food  
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Prey   An organism that is hunted by other organisms for food  
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Aquatic Ecosystem   An ecosystem that is located in water  
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Terrestrial Ecosystem   An ecosystem that is found on land  
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Marine Ecosystem   An ecosystem that is found in oceans and other salt water  
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Freshwater Ecosystem   An ecosystem found in streams, lakes and rivers where there is less than 1% salt content.  
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Autotroph   An organism that produces its own food such as a plant  
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Heterotroph   An organism that must use other organisms for food, such as animals.  
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Energy Pyramid   A diagram that shows the trophic levels of organisms in a food web.  
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Commensalism   A relationship where one is benefitted and the other is neither benefitted or harmed  
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Mutualism   The relationship between organisms where both benefit.  
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Decomposer   Organism such as bacteria and fungi that break down the remains of dead plants and animals.  
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Created by: AMS SCIENCE
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