Psychology Chapters 3 and 4
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| CNS Central Nervous System | Body's info system, billions of interconnected neurons
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| Neuron | Building blocks of the nervous system consists of a cell body and branching fibers
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| Dendrite | Receive Information
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| Axon | Passes information to other neurons, muscles, or glands
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| Myelin | Insulates axons and speeds their impulses
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| Sensory Neuron | Send information from sensory receptors toward the CNS
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| Inter Neuron | Send information between sensory neurons and motor neurons most located in the CNS
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| Motor Neuron | Send information away from the CNS to muscles or glands
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| Neurotransmitter | Chemical substance that is released at the end of a nerve fiber by arrival of nerve impulse
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| Dopamine | Involved primarily in motor behavior
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| Norephrine | Hormone released by the sympathetic nerves and functions as a neurotransmitter
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| Serotinin | Compound present in blood platelets and serum that constricts the blood vessels and acts as a neurotransmitter
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| Acetylcholine | Compound that occurs throughout the nervous system in which it functions as a neurotransmitter
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| Endorphin | Any group of hormones secreted within the brain and NS having a number of functions
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| Peripheral NS | Portion of the NS that is outside the brain and spinal chord
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| Somatic NS | Transmits sensory messages to the CNS. Activated by touch, pain, temperature, and body position
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| Autonomic NS | Controls bodily functions not conciously directed. Ex breathing, heartbeat, and digestive process
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| Sympathetic NS | Regions of the spinal chord, reduces digestive secretions, speeds the heart, and contracts the blood vessels.
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| Parasympathetic NS | Originates in the brain stem and lower part of spinal chord, slows heart, constricts, the pupils, and dialates the blood vessels.
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| Cerebellum | Part of brain back of skulls in vertebrates. Functions to coordinate and regulate muscular activity.
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| Frontal Lobe | Includes areas of concerned with behavior, learning, personality, and voluntary movement.
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| Parietal Lobe | Areas concerned with reception and correlation of sensory information.
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| Occipital Lobe | Main centers for visual processing located in the back region of the cerebal cortex.
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| Olfaction | Action of capacity of smelling; sense of smell.
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| Gestalt | Growing principles given a cluster of sensations our brain organizes them into a "form or whole"
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| Size Constancy | Perceive size of a familiar object despite differences in their distance
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| Sensory Adaption | Organism becomes more sensitive to weak stimuli, and less sensitive to unchanging stimuli
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| Perception | Process of organizing and interpreting sensory information
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| Sensation | Stimulation of sensory receptors and the transmittion of sensory information to the brain
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| Temporal Lobe | Includes areas concerned with understanding speech.
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| Sensation | Stimulation of sensory receptors and transmittion of sensory info to the brain
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| Olfactory Bulb | Olfactory nerve at the base of the brain
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| Closure | Perceive a complete or whole figure even when there are gaps in sensory information
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| Illusions | Thing that is likely to be perceived or interpreted by the senses
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| Absolute Threshold | Smallest amount of stimuli that can be detected
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| Pituitary Gland | Controlling growth, development, and functioning of other glands
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| Corpus Collosum | Nerve fibers connect the left and right hemispheres of central cortex
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| Hypothalamus | Controls temperature, hunger, thirst, and various aspects of emotion
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| Bottom-Up Processing | Sense receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information
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| Top-Down Processing | Information processing guided by higher level mental processes
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| Signal Detection Theory | Ability to distinguish between signal and noise
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