Random Saunders Pgs
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cystic Fibrosis | Chronic multisystem disorder characterized by exocrine gland dysfunction. Progressive and incurable; respiratory failure is a common cause of death. Organ transplant can increase survival rate
🗑
|
||||
| CF Mucus | Abnormally thick and copious, causing obstruction of small passageways of resp, GI, and reproductive systems
🗑
|
||||
| CF Symptoms | Associated with pancreatic enzyme deficiency and fibrosis caused by duct blockage, progressive chronic lung disease, and sweat gland dysfunction (^ Na and Cl sweat concentrations)
🗑
|
||||
| CF: Respiratory system | Stagnation of mucus leads to bacterial colonization and destruction of tissue; emphysema and atelectasis occur; chronic hypoxemia; pulm HTN, cor pulmonale; pneumothorax, hemoptysis. Wheezing, cough, cyanosis, clubbing, barrel chest, bronchitis, pneumonia
🗑
|
||||
| CF: GI System | Meconium ileus, intestinal obstruction (pain, abd distention, N/V), frothy foul-smelling stools, deficiency of vit A,D,E,K, malnutrition, hypoalbuminemia, rectal prolapse, pancreatic fibrosis
🗑
|
||||
| CF: Dx Tests | Quantitative sweat chloride test (40-60 mEq/L); newborn screening; CXR; pulmonary function tests; stool, fat, enzyme analysis
🗑
|
||||
| CF: Interventions for Resp | Antibiotics, chest physiotherapy, suction, flutter mucus clearance device, hand-held percussors, vest, PEEP mask, huffing, brochodilator meds, exercise, O2 during acute episodes, vit k replacement, bedrest, vaccinations
🗑
|
||||
| CF: Interventions for GI | High-calorie, high-protein, well-balanced diet; multivitamin w/ vit A, D, E, K; monitor weight, stool patterns; replace pancreatic enzymes within 30 mins of eating; monitor for constipation; monitor for GERD; blood glucose level; adequate salt intake
🗑
|
||||
| Hirschsprung's disease | Congenital; absence of ganglion cells in the rectum and other areas of intestine; mechanical obstruction results because of inadequate motility; most serious complication is enterocolitis
🗑
|
||||
| Hirschsprung's disease assessment | Newborn: failure to pass meconium, refusal to suck, abd distention, bile-stained vomit. Children: failure to gain weight, abd distention, vomiting, constipation/diarrhea, ribbon-like foul-smelling stool
🗑
|
||||
| Hirschsprung's disease interventions | Low-fiber, high-calorie, high-protein diet, stool softeners, daily rectal irrigations, measure abd girth, avoid rectal temps, colostomy and excision of portions of bowel
🗑
|
||||
| Omphalocele | Herniation of abdominal contents through umbilical ring with an intact peritoneal sac; cover sac with sterile wet gauze immediately with plastic wrap; frequent vitals, NPO, IV fluids, surgical repair
🗑
|
||||
| Gastroschisis | Herniation of the intestine is lateral to the umbilical ring, without membrane. Cover loosely with saline-soaked pads and plastic drape; surgery within several hours
🗑
|
||||
| Glomerulonephritis | Group of kidney disorders characterized by inflammatory injury in the glomerulus, most of which are caused by an immunological reaction (usually antigen-antibody reaction); results in in proliferative and inflammatory changes in the glomerular structure
🗑
|
||||
| Causes of glomerulonephritis | Immunological diseases, autoimmune diseases, steptococcal infection, history of pharyngitis or tonsillitis 2-3 wks before symptoms
🗑
|
||||
| Complications of glomerulonephritis | Renal failure, hypertensive encephalopathy, pulmonary edema, heart failure
🗑
|
||||
| Glomerulonephritis assessment | Periorbital and facial edema (more prominent in AM), anorexia, decreased urine output, cloudy, foamy, brown urine (hematuria), pallor, irritability, lethargy, HA, abd/flank pain, dysuria, HTN, proteinuria, azotemia, ^ BUN, ^ Cr, ^ antistreptolysin O titer
🗑
|
||||
| Gloermerulonephritis interventions | Monitor vitals, weight, I&O, characteristics of urine, limit activity; Na, K, protein and fluid restrictions,; diuretics, antihypertensives, antibiotics, anticonvulsants; seizure precautions
🗑
|
||||
| Nephrotic syndrome | Kidney disorder characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema. Goals: reduce excretion of urine protein, reduce edema, prevent infection, maintain protein-free urine
🗑
|
||||
| Nephrotic syndrome interventions | Monitor vitals, I&O, daily weights, urine sp grav and protein, edema; regular diet without added salt (Na and fluid restrictions during edema), corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, diuretics, plasma expanders
🗑
|
||||
| Hemolytic-uremic syndrome | Acute renal failure in children; sx: Triad of anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal failure, proteinuria, hematuria, urinary casts, ^BUN&Cr, low Hgb and Hct, vomiting, irritability, lethargy, pallor, bruising/bleeding, oliguria/anuria, seizures, coma
🗑
|
||||
| Hemolytic-uremic syndrome interventions | Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, fluid restrictions, blood products
🗑
|
||||
| Impetigo | Contagious bacterial skin infection; associated with poor hygiene; common sites of infection are on the face, around mouth, hands, neck; lesions begin as vesicles w/ edema and redness, become exudative and honey-colored crusts
🗑
|
||||
| Impetigo assessment | lesions, erythema, pruritis, burning, secondary lymph node involvement
🗑
|
||||
| Impetigo interventions | Contact isolation, allow lesions to dry by air exposure, antibacterial soap, warm saline compresses, Burrow's solution, antibiotic ointments, antibiotics, emollients, handwashing, use separate towels, linens, etc
🗑
|
||||
| S/S of Respiratory Alkalosis | Lethargy, lightheadedness, confusion, tachycardia, dysrhythmias r/t hypokalemia, N?V, epigastric pain, and numbness/tingling of the extremeties
🗑
|
||||
| Rapid-Acting Insulin | End in "log"; Onset: 15-20 mins, Peak: 30 mins-3, Duration: 3-5 hrs
🗑
|
||||
| Short-Acting Insulin | "Regular" "R" in brand name; Onset: 30 mins, Peak: 2-5 hrs, Duration: 5-7 hrs
🗑
|
||||
| Intermediate-Acting Insulin | "N" and Levemir (1, 6-8, 5-24); Onset: 1.5 hrs, Peak: 4-12 hrs, Duration: 16-24+ hrs
🗑
|
||||
| Long-Acting Insulin | Lantus; Onset: 2-4 hrs, no peak, Duration: 24 hrs
🗑
|
||||
| Platelets | 150,000-400,000
🗑
|
||||
| WBCs | 4,500-11,000
🗑
|
||||
| RBCs | Male: 4.5-6.2 million, Female: 4.5-5 million
🗑
|
||||
| Sodium | 135-145 mEq/L
🗑
|
||||
| Potassium | 3.5-5.1 mEq/L
🗑
|
||||
| Chloride | 98-107 mEq/L
🗑
|
||||
| Bicarbonate (venous) | 22-29 mEq/L
🗑
|
||||
| aPTT | 20-36 seconds (should be 1.5-2.5xnormal with heparin; >90 seconds=bleeding precautions)
🗑
|
||||
| PT | 9.6-11.8 seconds (2-3xnormal with coumadin; PT > 30 seconds=bleeding precautions; vitamin K shortens PT)
🗑
|
||||
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate | 0-30 mm/hr; For acute and chronic illness, inflammation, advanced neoplasm, and tissue necrosis or infarction
🗑
|
||||
| Hemoglobin | Male: 14-16.5, Female: 12-15
🗑
|
||||
| Hematocrit | Male: 42-52%, Female: 35-47%
🗑
|
||||
| Serum iron | Male: 65-175, Female: 50-170
🗑
|
||||
| Creatine kinase (CK) | 26-174 units/L; cell trauma, rises within 6 hrs, peaks at 18, returns to normal in 2-3 days
🗑
|
||||
| CK-MB | Cardiac muscle; 0-5% of total
🗑
|
||||
| CK-MM | 95-100% of total; skeletal muscle
🗑
|
||||
| CK-BB | 0% of total; brain tissue
🗑
|
||||
| Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) | 140-280; MI; begins to rise after 24 hrs, peaks in 48-72 hrs, returns to normal in 7-14 days. When LDH1 is higher than LDH2, it indicates MI.
🗑
|
||||
| Troponins | I: <0.6 ng/mL, >1.5 ng/mL indicates MI; T: >0.1-0.2 ng/mL indicates MI; eleaves in 3 hrs, remain elevated 7-10 days
🗑
|
||||
| Myoglobin | Normal <90 mcg/L; elevation indicates MI, rises in 2 hrs, drops after 7 hrs
🗑
|
||||
| BNP | Primary marker for CHF; normal <100 pg/mL
🗑
|
||||
| Albumin | 3.4-5 g/dL
🗑
|
||||
| Ammonia | Byproduct of protein catabolism; 10-80 mcg/dL
🗑
|
||||
| Amylase | Enzyme produced by pancreas; in acute pancreatitis level is greatly increased, starts rising in 3-6 hrs after onset of pain, peaks in 24 hrs, returns to normal in 2-3 days; normal: 25-151 units/L
🗑
|
||||
| Lipase | Elevation 24-36 hrs, remains elevated up to 14 days; normal: 10-140 units/L
🗑
|
||||
| Bilirubin | Direct (conjugated): 0-0.3 mg/dL, Indirect (unconjugated): 0.1-1 mg/dL, Total: <1.5 mg/dL
🗑
|
||||
| Total cholesterol | 140-199
🗑
|
||||
| LDL | <130
🗑
|
||||
| HDL | 30-70
🗑
|
||||
| Triglycerides | <200
🗑
|
||||
| Uric acid | Male: 4.5-8, Female: 2.5-6.2
🗑
|
||||
| Creatinine | 0.6-1.3; elevation indicates decreased GFR
🗑
|
||||
| BUN | 8-25; elevation indicates decreased GFR
🗑
|
||||
| Calcium | 8.6-10
🗑
|
||||
| Magnesium | 1.6-2.6
🗑
|
||||
| Phosphorus | 2.7-4.5
🗑
|
||||
| CD4+ | 500-1600
🗑
|
||||
| Normal Urine pH | 4.5-7.8
🗑
|
||||
| Urine Sp. Gravity | 1.016-1.022
🗑
|
||||
| Urine glucose | <0.5 g/day
🗑
|
||||
| Urine ketones | none
🗑
|
||||
| Urine protein | none
🗑
|
||||
| Urine bilirubin | none
🗑
|
||||
| Urinary casts | none-few
🗑
|
||||
| Urine crystals | none
🗑
|
||||
| Urine bacteria | none or <1000/mL
🗑
|
||||
| Urine RBC | <3 cells/HPF
🗑
|
||||
| Urine WBC | <4 cells/HPF
🗑
|
||||
| Urine chloride | 110-250 mEq/24 hrs
🗑
|
||||
| Urine magnesium | 7.3-12.2
🗑
|
||||
| Urine potassium | 25-125
🗑
|
||||
| Urine sodium | 40-220
🗑
|
||||
| Uric acid | 250-750
🗑
|
||||
| Folic acid sources | Green leafy vegetables, liver, beef, fish, legumes, grapefruit, oranges
🗑
|
||||
| Niacin sources | Meats, poultry, fish, beans, peanuts, grains
🗑
|
||||
| Vitamin A sources | Liver, egg yolks, whole milk, green or orange vegetables, fruits
🗑
|
||||
| Vitamin K sources | Green leafy vegetables, cauliflower, cabbage
🗑
|
||||
| Calcium sources | Broccoli, carros, cheese, collard greens, green beans, milk, spinach, tofu, yogurt
🗑
|
||||
| Magnesium sources | Avocado, tuna, cauliflower, cooked rolled oats, green leafy vegetables, milk, peanut butter, peas, pork, beef, chicken, potatoes, raisins, yogurt
🗑
|
||||
| Potassium sources | Avocado, bananas, canteloupe, carrots, fish, oranges, pork, beef, veal, potatoes, raisins, spinach, strawberries, tomatoes
🗑
|
||||
| Iron sources | Breads, cereals, dark green vegetables, egg yolk, liver, meats
🗑
|
||||
| Zinc sources | Eggs, leafy vegetables, meats, protein-rich foods
🗑
|
||||
| Gas-forming foods | Apples, artichokes, barley, beans, bran, broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage, celery, cherries, coconut, eggplant, figs, honey, melons, milk, molasses, nuts, onions, radishes, soybeans, wheat, yeast
🗑
|
||||
| Fat-restricted diet | For malabsorption disorders, pancreatitis, gallbladder disease, GERD
🗑
|
||||
| High-calorie, high-protein diet | For severe stress, burns, cancer, wound healing, HIV, AIDS, COPD, respiratory failure
🗑
|
||||
| Sodium-restricted diet | For HTN, heart failure, renal disease, cardiac disease, liver disease
🗑
|
||||
| Protein-restricted diet | For renal disease and liver disease
🗑
|
||||
| Low-purine diet | Used for gout, kidney stones, and elevated uric acid levels; restrict anchovies, herring, mackerel, sardines, scallops, glandular meats, gravies, meat extracts, wild game, goose, and sweetbreads
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
kahadzima1
Popular Nursing sets