Integumentary System
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| avascular | pertaining to a type of tissue that does not have blood vessels
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| cutaneous | pertaining to the skin
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| dermis | deeper layer of the skin, composed of nerves, blood vessels, hair follicles, and sebaceous and sudoriferous glands
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| epidermis | outer protective layer of skin that covers the body and does not have a blood or nerve supply
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| lesion | wound, injury, or pathological change in body tissue
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| sebaceous | pertaining to sebum, an oily fatty substance secreted by these glands
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| subcutaneous | pertaining to under the skin
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| sudoriferous | pertaining to or producing sweat
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| systemic | pertaining to a system or the whole body rather than a localized are
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| therapeutic | pertaining to a treatment, remediating, or curing a disorder or disease
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| vascular | pertaining to or containing blood vessels
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| adip/o | fat
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| lip/o | fat
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| steat/o | fat
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| cutane/o | skin
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| dermat/o | sking
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| derm/o | skin
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| cyan/o | blue
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| erythem/o | red
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| erythemat/o | red
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| erythr/o | red
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| hidr/o | sweat
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| sudor/o | sweat
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| ichthyl/o | dry, scaly
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| kerta/o | horny tissue; hard cornea
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| melan/o | back
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| myc/o | fungus
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| onych/o | nail
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| pil/o | hair
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| trich/o | hair
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| scler/o | hardening, sclera (white of eye)
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| seb/o | sebum, sebaceous
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| squam/o | scale
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| therm/o | heat
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| xer/o | dry
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| -cyte | cell
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| -derma | skin
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| -phoresis | carrying, transmission
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| hyper- | excessive, above, normal
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| abrasion | scraping or rubbing away of a surface, such as skin, by friction
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| abscess | localized collection of pus at the infection site (staphylococcal infection)
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| furuncle | abscess that originates in a hair follicle (boil)
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| carbuncle | cluster of furuncles in the subcutaneous tissue
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| acne | inflammatory disease of sebaceous follicles of skin. Marked by comedos (blackheads), papules, and pustules (small skin lesion with purulent material)
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| alopecia | absence or loss of hair, especially on the head (baldness)
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| burn | tissue injury with contact with thermal, chemical, electrical, or radioactive agent
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| first degree burn (superficial) | mild burn. Affects dermis. characterized by redness and pain with no blistering or scar formation
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| second degree burn (partial thickness) | burn affects epidermis and part of the dermis, characterized by blistering, larger bullae, pain, redness. with little or no scarring
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| third degree (full thickness) | severe burn characterized by destruction of the epidermis and dermis with damage to the subcutaneous layer, leaves skin charred black or dry white. also insensitive to touch
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| cacinoma | uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. (malignant cells)
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| melanoma | malignant tumor, originates in melanocytes, considered most dangerous type of skin change, can be fatal
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| comedo | discolored dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin (blackhead)
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| cyst | closed sac or pouch in or under the skin, with a definite wall that contains fluid, semifluid, or solid material
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| pilonidal cyst | growth of hair in a dermoid cyst or in a sinus opening of the skin
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| sebaceous cyst | cyst filled with sebum (fatty material from sebaceous gland)
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| eczema | redness of skin, caused by swelling capillaries
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| gangrene | death of tissue, usually from loss of blood supply
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| hemorrhage | external or internal loss of large amounts of blood in a short period
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| contusion | hemorrhage of any size under the skin, where the skin is not broken (bruise)
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| ecchymosis | skin discoloration, large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from blue-black to greenish brown or yellow (bruise(
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| petechia | minute, pinpoint hemorrhagic spot of the skin that is a smaller version of an ecchymosis
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| hematoma | elevated, localized collection of blood trapped under the skin that usually results from trauma
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| hirsutism | excessive hair growth in unusual places, especially in women. due to hypersecretion of testosterone
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| ichthyosis | genetic skin disorder in which the skin is dry and scaly, resembling fish skin due to a defect in keratinization
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| impetigo | bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture
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| keloid | overgrowth of scar tissue at the site of skin surgery due to excessive collagen formation during healing process
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| psoriasis | chronic skin disease characterized by itchy red patches covered with silvery scales
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| scabies | contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite
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| skin lesions | areas of pathologically altered tissue caused by disease, injury, or a wound due to external factors or internal disease
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| tinea | fungal infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected (ringworm=athlete's foot=tinea pedis)
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| ulcer | skin lesion or mucous membranes marked by inflammation, necrosis, and sloughing of damaged tissues
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| pressure ulcer | skin ulceration caused by prolonged pressure, in people who are bedridden (bedsore, decubitus ulcer)
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| urticaria | allergic reaction in skin characterized by pale red elevated patches, irruption, intensely itchy (wheals, hives)
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| verruca | rounded epidermal growth caused by a virus (wart)
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| vesicle | small blister-like elevation on the skin containing clear fluid. large ones are called bullae
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| vitiligo | localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches (leukoderma)
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| wheal | smooth, slightly elevated skin that is white in the center with a pale red, periphery (hives if itchy)
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| biopsy (bx) | removing small piece of tissue from an organ for microscopic examination, to confirm a diagnosis or to follow the course of a disease
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| skin test | test when a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied/injected into the skin to determine the patient's sensitivity to it
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| cryosurgery | subfreezing temperature, used with liquid nitrogen to destroy abnormal tissue cells, such as cancer or infected tissue
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| debridement | removing foreign material, damaged tissue, or cellular debris from a wound or burn to prevent infection and promote healing
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| fulguration | tissue destroyed by means of high-frequency electric current (electrodesiccation)
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| incision and drainage (I&D) | incision of a lesion, like abscess, followed by draining its contents
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| Mohs surgery | (surgical procedure) used to treat skin neoplasms, tumor tissue fixed in place is removed layer by layer for microscopic examination until the entire tumor is removed
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| skin graft | (surgical procedure) used to transplant healthy tissue by applying to an injured site
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| allograft | transplanting healthy tissue from one person to another person (homograft)
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| autograft | transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual
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| synthetic | transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern
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| xenograft | transplantation (dermis only) from a foreign donor (usually a pig) and transferred to a human (heterograft)
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| skin resurfacing | procedure that repairs damaged skin, acne scars, fine or deep wrinkles, or tattoos, improves skin tone irregularities through the use of topical chemicals, abrasion, or laser
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| chemical peel | using chemicals to remove outer layers of skin to treat acne scarring and general keratoses as well as for cosmetic purposes to remove fine wrinkles on the face (chemabrasion)
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| cutaneous laser | any laser treatment employed for cosmetic and plastic surgery
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| dermabraion | removal of acne scars, nevi, tattoos, or fine wrinkles on the skin through the use of sandpaper, wire brushes, or other abrasive materials on the epidermal layer
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| antibiotics | kill bacteria that cause skin infection
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| antifungals | kill fungi that infect the skin
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| antipruritics | reduce severe itching
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| corticosteroids | anti-inflammatory agents that treat skin inflammation
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| basal cell carinoma | most common type of nonmelanoma skin cancer. a cancerous tumor (malignancy) of the basal layer of the epidermis (hair follicles). caused by overexposure to sunlight
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| electrodessication, cryosurgery, radiation therapy | treatments for basal cell carcinoma
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| squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) | 2nd more common form of nonmelanoma skin cancer. due to prolonged UV radiation exposure
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| CA | cancer, chronological age, cardiac arrest
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| Derm | dermatology
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| FH | family history
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| IM | intramuscular
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| IMP | impression (diagnosis)
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| PE | physical examination, pulmonary embolism, pressure-equalizing (tube)
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| subcu Sub-Q subQ | subcutaneous (injection)
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| WBC | white blood count
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| dermatologists | specialists focus on diseases of skin and relationship of lesions to a systematic diseases
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| integumentary | covering, skin
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| basal cell carcinoma | most common nonmelanoma skin cancer. cancerous tumor of the basal layer of the epidermis/hair follicles, metastasize
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| malignancy | cancerous tumor
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| metastasize | spread to other parts of the body
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| treatments of basal cell carcinoma | excision, curettage, electrodessication, cryosurgery, radiation therapy
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| squamous cell carcinoma | 2nd most common form of nonmelanoma skin cancer. can cause serious implications. from prolonged UV exposure
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