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Med. Term.Ch.3
Integumentary System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| avascular | pertaining to a type of tissue that does not have blood vessels |
| cutaneous | pertaining to the skin |
| dermis | deeper layer of the skin, composed of nerves, blood vessels, hair follicles, and sebaceous and sudoriferous glands |
| epidermis | outer protective layer of skin that covers the body and does not have a blood or nerve supply |
| lesion | wound, injury, or pathological change in body tissue |
| sebaceous | pertaining to sebum, an oily fatty substance secreted by these glands |
| subcutaneous | pertaining to under the skin |
| sudoriferous | pertaining to or producing sweat |
| systemic | pertaining to a system or the whole body rather than a localized are |
| therapeutic | pertaining to a treatment, remediating, or curing a disorder or disease |
| vascular | pertaining to or containing blood vessels |
| adip/o | fat |
| lip/o | fat |
| steat/o | fat |
| cutane/o | skin |
| dermat/o | sking |
| derm/o | skin |
| cyan/o | blue |
| erythem/o | red |
| erythemat/o | red |
| erythr/o | red |
| hidr/o | sweat |
| sudor/o | sweat |
| ichthyl/o | dry, scaly |
| kerta/o | horny tissue; hard cornea |
| melan/o | back |
| myc/o | fungus |
| onych/o | nail |
| pil/o | hair |
| trich/o | hair |
| scler/o | hardening, sclera (white of eye) |
| seb/o | sebum, sebaceous |
| squam/o | scale |
| therm/o | heat |
| xer/o | dry |
| -cyte | cell |
| -derma | skin |
| -phoresis | carrying, transmission |
| hyper- | excessive, above, normal |
| abrasion | scraping or rubbing away of a surface, such as skin, by friction |
| abscess | localized collection of pus at the infection site (staphylococcal infection) |
| furuncle | abscess that originates in a hair follicle (boil) |
| carbuncle | cluster of furuncles in the subcutaneous tissue |
| acne | inflammatory disease of sebaceous follicles of skin. Marked by comedos (blackheads), papules, and pustules (small skin lesion with purulent material) |
| alopecia | absence or loss of hair, especially on the head (baldness) |
| burn | tissue injury with contact with thermal, chemical, electrical, or radioactive agent |
| first degree burn (superficial) | mild burn. Affects dermis. characterized by redness and pain with no blistering or scar formation |
| second degree burn (partial thickness) | burn affects epidermis and part of the dermis, characterized by blistering, larger bullae, pain, redness. with little or no scarring |
| third degree (full thickness) | severe burn characterized by destruction of the epidermis and dermis with damage to the subcutaneous layer, leaves skin charred black or dry white. also insensitive to touch |
| cacinoma | uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. (malignant cells) |
| melanoma | malignant tumor, originates in melanocytes, considered most dangerous type of skin change, can be fatal |
| comedo | discolored dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin (blackhead) |
| cyst | closed sac or pouch in or under the skin, with a definite wall that contains fluid, semifluid, or solid material |
| pilonidal cyst | growth of hair in a dermoid cyst or in a sinus opening of the skin |
| sebaceous cyst | cyst filled with sebum (fatty material from sebaceous gland) |
| eczema | redness of skin, caused by swelling capillaries |
| gangrene | death of tissue, usually from loss of blood supply |
| hemorrhage | external or internal loss of large amounts of blood in a short period |
| contusion | hemorrhage of any size under the skin, where the skin is not broken (bruise) |
| ecchymosis | skin discoloration, large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from blue-black to greenish brown or yellow (bruise( |
| petechia | minute, pinpoint hemorrhagic spot of the skin that is a smaller version of an ecchymosis |
| hematoma | elevated, localized collection of blood trapped under the skin that usually results from trauma |
| hirsutism | excessive hair growth in unusual places, especially in women. due to hypersecretion of testosterone |
| ichthyosis | genetic skin disorder in which the skin is dry and scaly, resembling fish skin due to a defect in keratinization |
| impetigo | bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture |
| keloid | overgrowth of scar tissue at the site of skin surgery due to excessive collagen formation during healing process |
| psoriasis | chronic skin disease characterized by itchy red patches covered with silvery scales |
| scabies | contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite |
| skin lesions | areas of pathologically altered tissue caused by disease, injury, or a wound due to external factors or internal disease |
| tinea | fungal infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected (ringworm=athlete's foot=tinea pedis) |
| ulcer | skin lesion or mucous membranes marked by inflammation, necrosis, and sloughing of damaged tissues |
| pressure ulcer | skin ulceration caused by prolonged pressure, in people who are bedridden (bedsore, decubitus ulcer) |
| urticaria | allergic reaction in skin characterized by pale red elevated patches, irruption, intensely itchy (wheals, hives) |
| verruca | rounded epidermal growth caused by a virus (wart) |
| vesicle | small blister-like elevation on the skin containing clear fluid. large ones are called bullae |
| vitiligo | localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches (leukoderma) |
| wheal | smooth, slightly elevated skin that is white in the center with a pale red, periphery (hives if itchy) |
| biopsy (bx) | removing small piece of tissue from an organ for microscopic examination, to confirm a diagnosis or to follow the course of a disease |
| skin test | test when a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied/injected into the skin to determine the patient's sensitivity to it |
| cryosurgery | subfreezing temperature, used with liquid nitrogen to destroy abnormal tissue cells, such as cancer or infected tissue |
| debridement | removing foreign material, damaged tissue, or cellular debris from a wound or burn to prevent infection and promote healing |
| fulguration | tissue destroyed by means of high-frequency electric current (electrodesiccation) |
| incision and drainage (I&D) | incision of a lesion, like abscess, followed by draining its contents |
| Mohs surgery | (surgical procedure) used to treat skin neoplasms, tumor tissue fixed in place is removed layer by layer for microscopic examination until the entire tumor is removed |
| skin graft | (surgical procedure) used to transplant healthy tissue by applying to an injured site |
| allograft | transplanting healthy tissue from one person to another person (homograft) |
| autograft | transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual |
| synthetic | transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern |
| xenograft | transplantation (dermis only) from a foreign donor (usually a pig) and transferred to a human (heterograft) |
| skin resurfacing | procedure that repairs damaged skin, acne scars, fine or deep wrinkles, or tattoos, improves skin tone irregularities through the use of topical chemicals, abrasion, or laser |
| chemical peel | using chemicals to remove outer layers of skin to treat acne scarring and general keratoses as well as for cosmetic purposes to remove fine wrinkles on the face (chemabrasion) |
| cutaneous laser | any laser treatment employed for cosmetic and plastic surgery |
| dermabraion | removal of acne scars, nevi, tattoos, or fine wrinkles on the skin through the use of sandpaper, wire brushes, or other abrasive materials on the epidermal layer |
| antibiotics | kill bacteria that cause skin infection |
| antifungals | kill fungi that infect the skin |
| antipruritics | reduce severe itching |
| corticosteroids | anti-inflammatory agents that treat skin inflammation |
| basal cell carinoma | most common type of nonmelanoma skin cancer. a cancerous tumor (malignancy) of the basal layer of the epidermis (hair follicles). caused by overexposure to sunlight |
| electrodessication, cryosurgery, radiation therapy | treatments for basal cell carcinoma |
| squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) | 2nd more common form of nonmelanoma skin cancer. due to prolonged UV radiation exposure |
| CA | cancer, chronological age, cardiac arrest |
| Derm | dermatology |
| FH | family history |
| IM | intramuscular |
| IMP | impression (diagnosis) |
| PE | physical examination, pulmonary embolism, pressure-equalizing (tube) |
| subcu Sub-Q subQ | subcutaneous (injection) |
| WBC | white blood count |
| dermatologists | specialists focus on diseases of skin and relationship of lesions to a systematic diseases |
| integumentary | covering, skin |
| basal cell carcinoma | most common nonmelanoma skin cancer. cancerous tumor of the basal layer of the epidermis/hair follicles, metastasize |
| malignancy | cancerous tumor |
| metastasize | spread to other parts of the body |
| treatments of basal cell carcinoma | excision, curettage, electrodessication, cryosurgery, radiation therapy |
| squamous cell carcinoma | 2nd most common form of nonmelanoma skin cancer. can cause serious implications. from prolonged UV exposure |
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