Module 1
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| show | Remnant Beam
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| What is a major advantage of digital imaging over analog? | show 🗑
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| Advantages of digital imaging: 1) 2) 3) 4) | show 🗑
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| show | Remnant x-ray beam; Light
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| With an analog IR, the _______ is the recording device and uses the x-rays reaching the _________ and __________ produced by the intensifying screen to create the image. | show 🗑
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| With an analog IR, the image created on the film directly after exposure is the ______________ image. The film must be ______________ to create the ___________ image. | show 🗑
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| During Analog to Digital Conversion (ADC) the process of assigning numeric values to the analog output signal of the photo detector is termed ________________. | show 🗑
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| The quantization of the analog signal to numeric values determines the __________ levels of the image. | show 🗑
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| show | Two; 0; 1
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| show | Bit; Binary Digit
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| show | Byte; 8 Bits; "Word"
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| show | Bit Depth
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| If 6 bits are available for the bit depth, there will be ______ shades of gray that can be represented. 8 bits would mean that there could be _______ shades of gray that can be represented. | show 🗑
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| 256 Shades of gray would be representative of a bit depth of _____ bits. | show 🗑
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| show | Side to side; Center; Center of an adjacent pixel
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| show | Recorded Detail
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| show | Recorded Detail will Increase
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| As the size of the pixel increases the ____________ ____________ will __________. | show 🗑
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| The typical matrix size for radiography may be _________ x _______ with a bit depth of _______. A CT scan would have a matrix size of ______x_______ with a bit depth of _____. | show 🗑
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| Name the 4 types of digital image receptors: | show 🗑
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| show | Scintillator; Nonscintillator
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| show | Scintillation
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| The 3 characteristics of Image Detectors used to assess the performance of the receptors: | show 🗑
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| show | Absorption Efficiency
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| show | Conversion Efficiency
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| This is the product of the amount of energy absorbed and the amount of energy converted to useful output. | show 🗑
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| PSP Image Plates are scanned by a _________ _________ ___________ to extract the image data by causing electrons at high energy states to release their energy as a _________ ___________. | show 🗑
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| What happens to the electrons in a PSP image plate after it is scanned and releases the energy from the X-ray beam? | show 🗑
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| Thin Film Transistors in a _________-________ plate collects ___________ emitted from ___________ ___________ or ___________ ___________. | show 🗑
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| show | Detector Elements or DELs
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| The x-ray beam contains photons of varying energies and pass through varying densities of body tissue to the image receptor. What are these nonuniform, nonuseful variations that are captured that do not add to the useful information? | show 🗑
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| show | Signal-to-Noise Ratio
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| An advantage of CCD Receptors is that they respond to _________ _______ _________ from a scintillator than other types of receptors. | show 🗑
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| show | Low-Dose imaging; Quickly; Instantly Refresh
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| CCD's are excellent image receptors for _________________ imaging. | show 🗑
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| __________ is a measure of an image receptor's ability to create an output signal that accurately represents the input signal of the x-ray beam exiting the patient. | show 🗑
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| A higher DQE indicates that a receptor is _________ efficient in converting the input x-ray signal and this means that a __________ exposure is required to create an optimal image. | show 🗑
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| The ability to distinguish small objects adjacent to each other is __________ _________ and is measured in a unit called ______________. | show 🗑
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| Spatial Resolution is measured in ______ _______ _____ ___________. | show 🗑
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| Changing the sampling frequency of a ________ plate reader affects __________ size and thus ___________ ___________. | show 🗑
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| show | Fewer; Larger; Decreased
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| show | 5; 20; More
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| show | Electrons; DELs; Thin-Film Transistors
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| Thinking of the DELs in a Flat Panel Detector as a pixel: A DEL size that collects 50 microns compared to a DEL size that collects 200 microns will provide what kind of spatial resolution? | show 🗑
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| show | (1) 2.5 Line pairs/mm (2) 5 Line pairs/mm (3) 10 Line pairs/mm
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| show | Twice
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| show | 5; 10
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| Digital Receptors can produce an image that appears acceptable on a display monitor from _______ % underexposure through to _______% overexposure. | show 🗑
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| show | Mottled or Noisy
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| When an image is overexposed by 100% to 200% of the desired value the image will have a loss of __________ and all parts will appear uniformly ____________. | show 🗑
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| Receptor blur originates in the ___________. | show 🗑
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| What are the 3 sources of image blur? | show 🗑
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| The 3 geometric factors affecting geometric blur: | show 🗑
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| show | Input phosphor is decreased / Output phosphor remains the same.
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| These IR's use TFTs: | show 🗑
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| show | Amorphous Selenium (Nonscintillation) based meaning photons are converted directly to electrons
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| The Flat Panel Detector that requires an extra step to convert light to electrons are what type of scintillation and uses amorphous ___________. | show 🗑
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| Amorphous Selenium and Amorphous Silicon both release electrons to be collected in the Thin Film Transistors. What is the scintillation material used for indirect capture and what is the photoconductive material used to convert light into electrons? | show 🗑
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