Sociology 100
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| The scientific study of our societies and behavior in the many groups that make up a society? | Sociology
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| What is society? | Groups of people interacting together.
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| What did the industrial revolution result in? | A need for higher education
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| Society is divided into? | Sectors
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| Sectors are divided into? | Social institutions
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| What is determined by social location? | Social context
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| What system is used to determine your social location? | stratification system
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| Define social environment. | The expectations or what is considered "normal" in a persons social world.
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| Sociological imagination is ? | The ability to perceive how social forces influence your own life and those of the people around you.
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| What did C. Wright Mills state? | People often believe that their lives cn be explained mainly in terms of their personal successes or losses.
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| What behavior can change from on social environment to another? | normative
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| Every culture has its own _____; own ideas of how the world operates. | science
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| What is western science based on? | finding the truth
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| 3 things where truth comes from. | Parents teaching, religion, hallucinations
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| Scientific method involves what 3 things? define | Observation-must be empirical, gathering of data, generalizaiton-take all the data and look for relationships, patterns, irregularalities, theory-explantion states why this happened -predictions spefifies conditions in which something will happen
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| Where are concepts at? What are they? | In our brains, ideas, mental constructs; simplified
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| Concepts are not ____, they are representations of _________ | reality, reality
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| What are the 8 basic steps in scientific research? | Define problem, literature research, formulate questions, ethical issues, select a method, gather data, analyze data, develop conclusions
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| Concepts, variables and correlations are all ________ or science. | elements
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| What are variables? | Characteristics that vary from case to case. Ie: frequency of divorce, marriage...
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| What are the two types of variables? define! | dependant variable- depends on other variables. Independant variables - causes the change in the dependant variables
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| What is correlation | A relationship between two variables.
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| Why does correlation NOT equal cause and affect. | Because there may be a third variable.
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| What is the term for false or misleading when talking about correlation? | Spurious correlation
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| What two types of correllation are there? | Positive correlation- variable move in same direction and negative correllation - variables move in opposite directions
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| A statement that expresses an informed guess in regards to the possible relationship between 2 variables. | Hypothesis
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| All propositions(hypothesis) have to be _______. | falsifiable
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| A whole se of validated hypothesis is called what? | theory
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| Theoretical perspectives are sets of what? | Interrelated theories that offer explanations for important aspects of social behavior.
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| Science is a collection of _________. | methods
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| When two or more independant people have to be able to come up with the same results, in science this is called? | Self-correcting
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| What are two ethical issues of social science? | Right to privacy and right to know
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| Why is human behavior complex? | So many different variables affect it.
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| What is reactivity? | When someone knows their being observed, their behavior changes.
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| Behavior ______ over time, between areas, regions ect... | changes
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| Two methodologies used in social science? | Participant observation and unobtrusive measures.
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| What kind of observation is it when researchers insert themselves into the environment that their studying? | participant observation
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| What kind of observational technique measures the effects of behavior with minimal intrusion into actual social settings? | unobtrusive measures
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| What do you have to be able to control all of the variable in? | experiments
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| What kind of research gets information from people about their behavior, attitudes and those of others? | survey
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| When every member of a group is asked the same questions, what kind of survey is this? | Census
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| What kid of survey asks a randomly selected, appropriate sized group the same quesitons? | Sample survey
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| When you set out to invaladate a hypothesis what kind of hypothisis are you doing? | null hypothesis
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| What kind of survey is carried out monthly to 50,000 households to keep information up to date? | Current population survey (CPS)
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| What 3 sets of people do they surveys have a hard time covering? | homeless, immigrants, and migrant workers
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| What does age group mean? | cohort
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| 15th century was known as the? | Age of discovery
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| Europe began exploring during the? | Age of discovery
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| New discoveries, such as plants and animals resulted in? | exploitation
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| Biblical explanation could not explain the _________ differences. | language
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| 17th century was know as what? | Age of Science
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| What two things were invented to help science take off? | telescope and microscope
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| During the age of science,science began to form ______ order. | social
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| What was it called when royalty was at the top and peasants at the bottome? | feudalism
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| What system states that if you were born a peasant you will always be a peasant? | caste
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| What century was the enlightenment (age of reason) | 18th century
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| Social philosaphers redifined _____ role. | gods
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| Society was created by _______, not ______. | people, god
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| If society was created by people, then people can _____ it. | change
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| The 19th century was known as the? | Industrial revolution
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| What formed the Industrial revolution? | Early trends
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| Applying a scientific method to human affairs led to ______ science. | social
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| Technilogical changes led to? name 2 things? | increased agricultural production, factory production.
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| What was a draw back to factory production? | More product than the local market could support.
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| Caste system changed to ? | Class system
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