RNC-OB infections in pregnancy
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| Toxoplasmosis | parasite found in cat feces & raw meat
can cause: PTL, low birth weight, fever, jaundice, mental retardation, abnormal head size, convulsions
transmission to fetus increased in 3rd tri; damage decreased bc development has occurred
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| CMV | member of herpes virus that crosses placenta & infects baby's blood
primary infection more serious than recurrent infections
can lead to oligo, IUGR, enlarged brain, liver or spleen, red spots on skin, problems with eyes, seizures, and mental problems
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| HPV | infection of skin and mucous membranes of anogenital tract transmitted primarily through sexual contact, but can be transferred to infant who develops infection in oropharynx
s/s: irritation, pruritis, bleeding, pink, raised lesions on affected areas
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| Genital warts | tend to grow more rapidly during pregnancy
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| Bacterial Vaginosis | Most common vaginal bacterial infection associated with PTL, PROM, chorio, pp endometritis
all women that are symptomatic require treatment.
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| Candidiasis | Most common fungal infection
s/s: priritis, vaginal discharge, vaginal soreness, vulvar burning, and painful intercourse and urination
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| Trichomonas | Vaginal infection caused by protozoan and spread through sexual activity associated with PROM, PTL, low birth weight, & coinfection with BV
s/s: foul smelling, frothy discharge, pruritis, occasional redness, abdominal pain, dysuria, painful intercourse
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| HIV | C/S recommended prior to ROM or onset of labor to reduce risk of vertical trans
Avoid invasive procedures prior to bath. Test infant with DNA PCR test prior to 48 hours of age
Treat with ZDV antivirals following same guidelines as nonpregnant women.
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| Herpes | Second most prevalent STI
Type I-above waist
Type II-below waist
Transmitted by direct contact. should avoid vaginal birth with outbreak
infant s/s: localized, systemic, or disseminiated
multiple painful wet blisters or crusted vesicles.
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| Gonorrhea | Does not cross placenta - almost exclusively transmitted via sexual contact
s/s: painful urination, cervical discharge, bleeding, and tenderness
associated with PTL, PROM, chorio, PP infection
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| Chlamydia | Most common bacterial STI trans transplacentally or thru (breastmilk)
clinically similar to Gonorrhea
infant s/s: conjunctivitis
treatment for pt & partner recommended to decrease transmission to infant. Untreated can progress to PID and infertility
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| Syphilis | friable cervix easily infected
not evident until 18wk gest. s/s: fetal hydrops, encephalitis, bone deform, hepatometaly, jaundice, chorioretinitis, endocarditis
only trans by direct contact with chancres
Primary, secondary, &latent phases (all infectio
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| Mercury and Lead exposure | can be transferred to baby via cord blood and breastfeeding
sources: tap water, seafood, & fish
toxic mercury levels can damage CNS development
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| Iron Toxicity | overdose leads to caustic injury to GI tract & Metabolic acidosis. Injury leads to iron deposits into systemic circulation and to other organs leading to damage
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