RAD SAFETY 13.1-5VAC
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| NRC | NUCLEAR RAGULATORY COMMISSION
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| PUBLIC LAW 86 - 373 | Administrator of EPA to advise president od radiation matters including guidance and execution with states
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| PUBLIC LAW 97 - 35 | consumer patient radiation health and safety act of 1981
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| PUBLIC LAW 97 - 35 PURPOSES | Provide standards by GOV Accredidation of Education program for radiologic procedures and cert
//ensure medical and dental are within standards
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| Natural Radiation Origins | Cosmic - Sun and Stars
//Rad increases w/ increased elevation// radioactive substances - radiopotassium, radiocarbon, uranium
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| background radiation accounts for ____% or more of exposure to general public | 50%
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| Manmade radiation origins | Fallout from nuclear weapons testing, tunsten, effluents from nuclear power plants, radioactive materials used in industries, Medical and Dental exposure
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| Medical and Dental Xrays account for __ % of manmade radiation exposure | 90%
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| 3 Cardinal principles of radiation | time, distance, shielding
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| PUBLIC LAW 88 - 376 | collect, inform and dissiminate about Rad protection
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| cover for _______ during floro | bucky slot
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| use lead ____ and ____ during flouro | gloves, aprons
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| true/false... eyes are critical organs affected by radiation | true
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| increase ______ when doing portable and flouro exams | disease
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| remain in ______ booth when available | shielded
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| hold/dont hold patient during exposure | dont hold
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| use immobilization devises | yes
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| if patient must be held, you must stay out of the _______ | primary beam
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| true /false ...goal is to keep radiation exposure at least amounts | true
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| 10 basic radiation control principles | apply cardinal principles, Do not allow false security, Never in primary beam, always protective appearal, proper wearing personal monitoring devices, Never hold patient, protective for all, Use gonadal shielding, avoid pregnant patients,collimate smalles
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| Types of beam limiting devices | aperature daiphram, cones, collimator
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| purpose of beam limiting devices | limit size or beam, limit area of exposure to reduce harmful effects
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| inherent filtration | filtration by glass envelope and cooling oil layer through which the beam must pass after leaving target, usually 5mm equivalent
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| added filtration | produced by thin sheets of alluminum, emits a higher percentage of low energy
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| true / false // as filtration is increased, so is beam quality, but quantity is decreased | true
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| total filtration = ? | inherant + added filtration
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| What is minimum required ___ mm aluminum equivelant required for 70 KVP and higher | 2.5 MM
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| true / false // increase energy decrease skin dose, increase penetrability, increase quality | true
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| optimum KV increases/decreases skin dose because of decrease interactions with tissues | decrease
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| shorter time = | decrease pt dose and reduces pt dose
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| slow speed film/combination screens are used for small children and infants to abtain more ________ films | detailed
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| 8 - 10 cm parts use what speed screens? | medium or high speed screens routinely
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| what do you use greater than 70 KVP or 10 CM? | A grid
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| 6 methods used to avoid repetitive radiographs | proper technique, proper positioning, appropriate marking, Correct patient ID, No motion with proper instructions and restraints if needed, appropriate maintanance and testing
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| 10 day rule for women | exams be performed only during the first 10 days of onset of a period "ovulation and pregnancy are less likely to occur
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| where do you need primary barrier? | where the beam hits wall directly
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| primary barrier. X ray machines to 140 KVP= ___ inch lead extending ________ up the wall from floor when tube is 5-7 FT from the wall. | 1/16 inch, 7 FT
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| secondary barrier/ X ray machine to 140 KVP=___ inch extending from ______ inch below top of primary barrier to ceiling. | 1/32 inch, 1/2
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| What MM must the bukcky slot cover be for flouroscopy? | .25mm
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| exposure switch is what type? | dead man type
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| Fouroscoptic timer uses audible signal or interuption of beam after how long? | 5 minutes
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| How far away should you try and be when using mobile / surgical procedures? | 6 FT
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