substance abuse
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| what mood altering subtances are acceptable in society | alcohol, caffeine and nicotine
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| substance related disorders: what are the 2 groups; what are substance use; what is substance induced' | substance use disorder and substance induced disorders; abuse and dependence; intoxication, withdrawal, delirium, dementia, amnesia, psychosis,mood disorder, anxiety disorder, sexual dysfunction, sleep disorder
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| def substance abuse | a maladaptive pattern of substance use manifested by recurrent and significant adverse consequences r/t repeated use of the substance
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| substance abuse is also any use of substances that pose hazards to what | health
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| what is criteria for substance abuse: | recurring abuse and failure to fulfill role at work, using ins physically hazardous situations, legal arrests from use, continued use despite having persistent social problems
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| substance dependence: def; | evidenced by a cluster of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological s/s, use despite sign. substance related problems;
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| substance dependence: continued use is needed to prvent what; dependence is promoted by the tolerance to what | withdrawal; substance
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| def tolerance | the need for increased amounts or more frequent doses of substance in order to obtain desired effects originally produced by lower doses
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| psychological dependence def | when there is an overwhelming desire to repeat the use of a particular drug to produce pleasure or avoid discomfort
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| substance dependence: with this there is evidence of what 2 things; larger ___ is needed over time; there is a diminished effect with continued use of what amount of the substance | tolerance, withdrawal s/s; amounts; same
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| substance dependence: there is an unsuccessful effort to do what; lots of time spent doing what; what is avoided or reduced | cut down substance intake; obtaining drug; occupational, recreational or social activites
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| substance intoxication: def; develops from a reversible what; behavior changes from physical effects where in body | a physical and mental state of exhilaration and emotional frenzy or lethargy and stupor; substance- syndrome; the brain
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| substance intoxication: changes are not due to what | a general med condition or other mental disorder
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| substance withdrawal: def; | the development of a substance specific maladaptive behavior change with physiological and cognitive components due to cessation or reduction of heavy and prolonged use
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| what are the classes of psychoactive substances | ETOH, amphetamines, caffeine, cannabis, cocaine, hallucinogens, inhalants, nicotine, opioids, PCP, sedatives, hypnotics anxiolytics
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| substance abuse: predisposing factors- heredity especially problem with what | ETOH;
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| substance abuse: predisposing factors- persons with what type of superegos turn to what to diminish unconscious anxiety and increase felinngs so powerful and self worth; what is used to control panic; what diminishes anger; what is abuse to relieve depres | superegos; ETOH; opioids; amphetamines
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| substance abuse: predisposing factors- what personalities; this happens through what else when growing up | low self esteem, depression, passivity and inability to relax, antisocial; modelling
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| ETOH abuse: why is it classified as a Food; 1/5 drinkers are what type of drinker; 3rd leading cause of what; heavy drinking contributes to what | bx it contains calories; binge; preventable death in the US; heart disease, cancer, stroke
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| ETOH abuse: how many phases of the alcoholic drinking progress | 4
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| phases of the alcoholic drinking progress: phase 1- use of ETOH to relieve what; a child learns the use of ETOH is acceptable method of what; what develops with drinking; with tolerance the amount required increases or decreases | stress and tension; coping; tolerance; increases
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| phases of the alcoholic drinking progress: phase 2- they early ___ phase; what begins in this phase; is it a source of pleasure anymore; it is now a ___ that is required; tgey are preoccupied with what; used of what | alcoholic phase; blackouts; no; drug; drinking; rationalization
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| phases of the alcoholic drinking progress: phase 3- aka; is there physiological dependence; is the person ill; what is total focus; willing to lose ___ to maintain addiction | the crucial phase; yes; yes; drinking; everything
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| phases of the alcoholic drinking progress: phase 4- aka; are they more sobor or more intoxicated; there is what physically; abstention from ETOH results in what | chronic phase; intoxicated; decline in every body system; hallucinations, tremors, conbulsions, severe agitation, panic
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| ETOH effect on body: why is there peripheral neuropathy; | deficient vit B and thiamine;
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| ETOH effect on body: alcoholic myopathy- caused by what; improves with what; acute s/s; chrnic s/s | vit B def; abstinence from ETOH and nutritious diet and vit; muscle pain, swelling and weak, red urine, elevated CPK, AST, LDH; gradual wasting and weakness of skeletal muschesl
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| ETOH effect on body: Wernicke's encephalopathy- this is the most serious form of what in alcoholics; s/s; death occurs when | thiamine def; paralysis of ocular muscles, diplopia, ataxia, somnolence, stupor; with immeidiate thiamine replacement
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| ETOH effect on body: korsakoffs psychosis- this happens after or before wernickes; s/s; occurs when pt is recovering from what | after; confusion, loss of recent memory, confabulation; wernickes
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| ETOH effect on body: wernickes-korsakoff- in us they occur together or separate; what is tx; | together; ive or oral thiamine replacement
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| ETOH intoxication: what is blood levels; death is at what levels | 100-200; 400-700
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| ETOH withdrawal: occurs within __ hours of cessation; s/s | 4-12; N/V, malaise, tachycardia, sweating, elevated BP, anxiety, depressed mood, hallucinations, HA, insomnia;
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| ETOH withdrawal delirium: occurs on what day following cessation or reduction in prolonged heavy use; is it fatal; | 2-3 day; yes;
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| ETOH withdrawal: tx- what is used; why anticonvulsants; what one is most used; what are mv for; | benzos, anticonvulsants, mv; tx seizures; benzos; thiamine replacement
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| ETOH withdrawal: thiamine replacement is needed to prevent what | neuropathy, confusion and encephalopahy
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| antabuse- used to deter what; avoid what; drinking leads to what; blocks the oxidation of what; s/s with in how many min of ingestion | drinking; drinking; discomfort; ETOH; 5-10;
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| what meddecreases ETOH cravings; | ReVia;
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| ETOH withdrawal: no counseling if client is what | drunk
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| what are the 2 patterns of abuse for sedatives, hypnotics, anxielytics | dr prescribes and substance deeking behavior;
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| sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics s/s of withdrawal; hand tremor; | sutonomic hyperactivity, insomnia, n/v, hallucinations, illusions, psychomotor agitation
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| with opioid abuse what happens to pupils | contricts;
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| what are 2 toxic reactions to hallucinogens | panic reaction or flashbacks
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| what is second most commonly abused drug in the us | cannibus
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| cannibus: what is major ingredient; | THC;
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| nursing care: planning begins with what; | detox;
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| codependency: this is dysfunctional behaviors that are event among whom; they are confused about what; they gain a sense of control by fulfilling the needs of whom | members of a family of the chemically dependent person; their own identity; others
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| codependent: |
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