Evolution & Ecology
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| species | a group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
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| variation | differences among members of the same species
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| inheritable characteristic | a trait that can be passed on to any offspring of the organism
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| natural selection | process in which organisms best suited to their environment as a result of favorable characteristics survive and reproduce
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| overproduction | most organisms produce more offspring than are able to survive
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| adaptation | a trait that improves an organism's chance for survival and reproduction
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| extinction | the end of a species
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| evolution | the process of change over time
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| kingdom | large, broad categories that group living things by the structure of their cells
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| prokaryote | organism with cell that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus or organelles
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| eukaryote | organism with cells that contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
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| fossil | preserved remains of an organism that lived many years ago
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| homologous structures | similar structures that began from a common ancestor; provide evidence of close evolutionary relationship
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| DNA fingerprint | DNA fragments separated according to size, may give information about how closely related organisms are
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| ecology | the study of the interactions among living things and their environment
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| abiotic factors | physical factors in an ecosystem; not alive; light, water, weather, soil
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| biotic factors | factors in an ecosystem that are alive; all of the living things in an ecosystem
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| ecosystem | a collection of organisms and their relationships with the biotic and abiotic factors that affect their lives
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| symbiosis | a permanent relationship between two different organisms
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| mutualism | both organisms benefit in this symbiotic relationship
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| commensalism | one organism benefits, the other is unaffected in this symbiotic relationship
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| parasitism | one organism benefits and the other (host) is harmed
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| predator | an animal that feeds on another animal
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| prey | the animal that is killed and eaten by a predator
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| niche | an organism's role in the environment
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| producers | organisms capable of making own food; plants
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| consumers | organisms that eat other organisms to obtain food
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| herbivores | organisms that eat only plants
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| carnivores | organisms that eat only animals
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| omnivores | organisms that eat both plant and animals
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| scavenger | organisms that feed off other organisms that have already been killed or have died
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| decomposers | organisms that break down the remains of dead organisms
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| food chain | describes the flow of energy from producers to consumers to decomposers
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| food web | interconnected food chains
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| ecological succession | when one community is entirely replaced by another
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| climax community | the final community that results from ecological succession; diverse, stable and in balance with the environment
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| pioneer species | the first group of plants to appear in a bare region
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| population | all of the members of the same species that inhabit a specific area
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| limiting factors | environmental factors that limit the size of a population
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Created by:
plaun
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