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SHMS 7th Grade Science Vocab 4

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Term
Definition
Theory of Evolution   change in the gene pool of a population from generation to generation by such processes as mutation, natural selection, and genetic drift.  
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Adaptation   any change in the structure or function of an organism or any of its parts that results from natural selection and by which the organism becomes better fitted to survive and multiply in its environment.  
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natural selection   the process by which forms of life having traits that better enable them to adapt to specific environmental pressures, as predators,changes in climate, or competition for food or mates, will tend to survive and reproduce in greater numbers than others  
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fossil   the preserved remains, trace, or imprint of an ancient organism.  
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Charles Darwin   a naturalist that study finches in the Galapogos Islands and is given credit for developing the theory of evolution.  
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Survival of the Fittest   the name given by Darwin to the concept that organisms best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and pass on their traits to offspring.  
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Species   the lowest, or most specific, level of classification; a group of similar individuals that can breed to produce fertile offspring.  
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Inheritance   attributes acquired via biological heredity from the parents  
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Artificial selection   the process used in selective breeding.  
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Selective breeding   the process through which humans use naturally occurring genetic patterns to pass desired traits on to generations.  
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Fossil record   refers to all fossils that have been found since the study of fossils began.  
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Mutations   are random changes in DNA that act as another way organisms evolve.  
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Interdependence of Organisms   dependence between abiotic and biotic factors  
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Ecosystem   organisms interacting with their environment  
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Extinction   the end of an organism  
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Cycling of Matter   the cycling of living and nonliving matter in an ecosystem  
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Flow of Energy   the transferring of energy within an ecosystem  
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Prokaryotic   one-celled organism without membrane-bound organelles  
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Eukaryotic   an organism WITH a membrane-bound nucleus  
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