The human cell
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| this part of the cell surrounds the cell, controls what enters/leaves the cell. double layer of phospholipid molecules tightly pack togheter. | cell membrane / plasma
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| small structure located close to the nuclear membrane | centriole
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| contains digestive enzymes to help phagocytes to digest bacteria and is responsible for autolysis of cells after their death | lysosome
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| gel-like substance that surrounds all organelles outside the nucleus. contains enzymes that speed up (catalyze) biochemical reactions in the cell | cytoplasm
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| contains the genetic material, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA is organized into genes on chromosomes that controls protein synthesis | nucleus
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| system of tubes and sacs studded with ribosomes on the external surface. Ribosomes are involved in the manufacture of membrane-bound proteins | smooth ER
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| barrier separating the nuclear contents from the cytoplasm. facilitates and regulate the exchange of materials between the nucleus and the cytoplasm | nuclear membrane
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| responsible for manufacturing proteins. some unattached in cytoplasm but more commonly attached to the surface of rough ER | ribosomes
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| small organelle with a minor function facilitating transport in and out of cells (endocytosis and exocytosis) | vacuole
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| flattened sacs that package proteins and carbohydrates into vesicles for export from the cell | Golgi apparatus
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| cell's "powerhouse" because it produces energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which provides energy for muscle contraction, active transport and to build large molecules | mitochondrion
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| are cell membranes fully or selectively permeable? | selectively permeable
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| membrane-bound structures found in the cytoplasm | organelles
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| what helps the cytoskeleton maintain its cell shape as a complex lattice structure | protein microtubules
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| name the four classes of membrane in the human body | mucous, cutaneous, serous, synovial
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| name the four main types of tissue | epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous
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| primary organ of the integumentary system | skin
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| part of the nervous system that links the central nervous system (CNS) with other systems and sense organs | peripheral nervous system (PNS)
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| the system that acts as the body's chemical control center | endocrine
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| one of this body system's vital functions | lymphatic
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| the science of body structure | anatomy
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| the study of body function | physiology
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| "powerhouses" of the cell because they produce energy in the form of ATP | mitochondria
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| genetic material (DNA) is found in which organelle? | nucleus
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| structures within cells that perform cellular functions | organelles
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| this cellular organelle is responsible for digesting exhausted cell components | lysosome
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| study of cells | cytology
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| study of tissues | histology
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| blood is a what type of tissue? | connective
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| a gland is a type of single specialized epithelial cell adapted for what? | secretion
endocrine-hormones into circulation
exocrine-into ducts or directly onto a free surface
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| name the 10 major body systems | musculoskeletal
integumentary
nervous
endocrine
cardiovascular
respiratory
lymphatic/immune
gastrointestinal
urinary
reproductive
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| what are structures that form the cardiovascular system? cardiovascular system is the main system of transportation through the body. Name the three major substances necessary for life to cells that it transports | heart, arteries, veins and capillaries
water, oxygen, nutrients
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| an intraceullular, energy producing process that produces what? | cellular respiration
-produces energy
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| 4 main components of the skeletal system | bones
cartilage
joints
ligaments
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| muscle action is classified as... | voluntary and involuntary
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| two layers of the skin: name? function? outer? inner? | epidermis; protect underlying tissues
dermis; provides strength and contains glands
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| the hair follicles, sweat glands, nails and sensory receptors and all additional parts of which system? | integumentary
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