Sociology
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| What is the definition of capitalism? | an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production, with the goal of making a profit
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| Describe industrial economy | based on mass production of goods, dominated by large companies
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| What is the labor-capital accord? | -resulted from collective bargaining,
-focused on working conditions, pay & benefit increases, &the regulation of conflict
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| Describe failed competition and responses | -american companies failed to compete in the 1970's because: international competition, paper entrepreneurialism (buying up of other companies), & rising costs
-responses: deindustrialization, union busting, globalization, technological innovations
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| Describe the "new" economy | -different then the old economy
-growing service sector
-flexible production & flexible accumulation
-structural unemployment & the broken accord
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| Describe the labor market | the labor network matches people to jobs:
-internal labor markets
-human capital and education
-employer demand
-social networks
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| What is organization and what are some types of them? | -organizations: large formal secondary group focused around a specific task with clear boundaries
-types of organizations: normative (voluntary organizations to pursue interest), coercive (total institutions), utilitarian (typically a business)
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| What are Corporations? | companies authorized to act as a single entity (person) by law
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| What is Unemployment? | people actively looking for a job, but can not find one
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| Describe the Sociology of the body | standards of beauty vary across culture and time, they are extremely powerful in shaping individual self-image, wee all engage in bodily transformation as a way to project our identity
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| Describe the disable body | a disability is a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activites
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| Describe the sick role | rights, privileges, and duties associated with being sick, supersedes all other roles
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| What is the Sociology of science? | -structure of science revolutions
-the Matthew effect and scientific networks
-the social construction of knowledge
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| What is the Sociology of mental health | mentally illness is strongly socially constructed, pharmaceutical drugs have helped many, but remove the social context from consideration
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| Why is there a rise of biomedical culture? | -early physicians were not very effective and respected
-three cause of rise: improved medical technology, system of licensing built on science and technology, regulation of number of doctors and medical schools
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| Describe the health and well-being in developing and developed countries | -develop government capacity to provide health policy and care, decrease poverty, malnutrition, and fertility, emphasize on treatable diseases
-developed countries: health and well-being has improved dramatically , chronic diseases do to life style
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| Describe the U.S. health care system | -an individuals health depends on many factors
-split into two dimensions: medical treatment of sick, & care of sick
-health policy is the state policies pertainning to health care
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| What is the dilemma of U.S. health care system | - how can a country that spends the most on health care have such unequal health outcomes
-large number of uninsured
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| Describe the health care reform law | 1.regulating the insurance industry to stop artificial manipulation of the risk pool
2.individual mandate
3. increase access to affordable health care
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| What are types of power and authority? | -Power: conflict between two groups with one prevailing, power is so formidable that resisting is pointless, invisible power by choice shaping
-Authority: charismatic (leader), traditional (stable authority), legal-rational
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| Describe the state | human community that has the monopoly on the legitimate authority to use physical force within a given territory
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| Definitions of welfare state and social policy | -welfare state: "government-protected minimum standards of income, nutrition, health, housing, & education assured to every citizen as apolitical right"
-social policy: state actions designed to promote welfare
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| What are types of welfare states? | -liberal (English-speaking)
-conservative corporatist (continental European)
-social democratic (Nordic)
-informal security (Latin America & East Asia)
-insecurity (Sub-Sahara Africa)
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| Definitions of media, advertising | -media = any format or vehicle that carry, present, or communicate information
-mass media = forms of media that reach vast numbers of people over great distances
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| What is the functions of religion? | 1.religion provides comfort to individuals
2.religion motivates, & helps people understand, social change
3.religion is a fundamentally social act
4.religion provides a brace against chaos
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| What is the Sociology of religion? | the study of the human system of religion
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| Describe religion and politics | religion in laws, and wars created over religion and politics
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| What is transmitting religion? | transmitting your religion through someone else, man way is through the family
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| Describe gender and sexuality in religion | -gender, gender roles, sexuality, and sexual orientation are intertwined with religion
-woman are more religious then men
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| Describe racial segregation of religion | more people of a congregation are of the same race
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| Describe collective action | actions that take place in groups and diverges from the social norms of the situation
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| What are types of social movements? | -Alternative: target particular subgroups, limited social change
-redemptive: target particular subgroups, radical social change
-reformative: target entire society, limited social change
-revolutionary: target entire society, radical social change
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| What are the stages of social movements? | 1.emergence
2.coalescence
3.institutionalization
4.result: success, failure, cooperation, repression, or "Go Mainstream"
5.decline
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| Describe social movements and organizations | social movement organizations develop to recruit members, coordinate participation, raise money, and clarify goals
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| Describe social movement | organized purposeful, and institutionalized collective behaviors
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