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Sociology Exam 3
Sociology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the definition of capitalism? | an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production, with the goal of making a profit |
| Describe industrial economy | based on mass production of goods, dominated by large companies |
| What is the labor-capital accord? | -resulted from collective bargaining, -focused on working conditions, pay & benefit increases, &the regulation of conflict |
| Describe failed competition and responses | -american companies failed to compete in the 1970's because: international competition, paper entrepreneurialism (buying up of other companies), & rising costs -responses: deindustrialization, union busting, globalization, technological innovations |
| Describe the "new" economy | -different then the old economy -growing service sector -flexible production & flexible accumulation -structural unemployment & the broken accord |
| Describe the labor market | the labor network matches people to jobs: -internal labor markets -human capital and education -employer demand -social networks |
| What is organization and what are some types of them? | -organizations: large formal secondary group focused around a specific task with clear boundaries -types of organizations: normative (voluntary organizations to pursue interest), coercive (total institutions), utilitarian (typically a business) |
| What are Corporations? | companies authorized to act as a single entity (person) by law |
| What is Unemployment? | people actively looking for a job, but can not find one |
| Describe the Sociology of the body | standards of beauty vary across culture and time, they are extremely powerful in shaping individual self-image, wee all engage in bodily transformation as a way to project our identity |
| Describe the disable body | a disability is a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activites |
| Describe the sick role | rights, privileges, and duties associated with being sick, supersedes all other roles |
| What is the Sociology of science? | -structure of science revolutions -the Matthew effect and scientific networks -the social construction of knowledge |
| What is the Sociology of mental health | mentally illness is strongly socially constructed, pharmaceutical drugs have helped many, but remove the social context from consideration |
| Why is there a rise of biomedical culture? | -early physicians were not very effective and respected -three cause of rise: improved medical technology, system of licensing built on science and technology, regulation of number of doctors and medical schools |
| Describe the health and well-being in developing and developed countries | -develop government capacity to provide health policy and care, decrease poverty, malnutrition, and fertility, emphasize on treatable diseases -developed countries: health and well-being has improved dramatically , chronic diseases do to life style |
| Describe the U.S. health care system | -an individuals health depends on many factors -split into two dimensions: medical treatment of sick, & care of sick -health policy is the state policies pertainning to health care |
| What is the dilemma of U.S. health care system | - how can a country that spends the most on health care have such unequal health outcomes -large number of uninsured |
| Describe the health care reform law | 1.regulating the insurance industry to stop artificial manipulation of the risk pool 2.individual mandate 3. increase access to affordable health care |
| What are types of power and authority? | -Power: conflict between two groups with one prevailing, power is so formidable that resisting is pointless, invisible power by choice shaping -Authority: charismatic (leader), traditional (stable authority), legal-rational |
| Describe the state | human community that has the monopoly on the legitimate authority to use physical force within a given territory |
| Definitions of welfare state and social policy | -welfare state: "government-protected minimum standards of income, nutrition, health, housing, & education assured to every citizen as apolitical right" -social policy: state actions designed to promote welfare |
| What are types of welfare states? | -liberal (English-speaking) -conservative corporatist (continental European) -social democratic (Nordic) -informal security (Latin America & East Asia) -insecurity (Sub-Sahara Africa) |
| Definitions of media, advertising | -media = any format or vehicle that carry, present, or communicate information -mass media = forms of media that reach vast numbers of people over great distances |
| What is the functions of religion? | 1.religion provides comfort to individuals 2.religion motivates, & helps people understand, social change 3.religion is a fundamentally social act 4.religion provides a brace against chaos |
| What is the Sociology of religion? | the study of the human system of religion |
| Describe religion and politics | religion in laws, and wars created over religion and politics |
| What is transmitting religion? | transmitting your religion through someone else, man way is through the family |
| Describe gender and sexuality in religion | -gender, gender roles, sexuality, and sexual orientation are intertwined with religion -woman are more religious then men |
| Describe racial segregation of religion | more people of a congregation are of the same race |
| Describe collective action | actions that take place in groups and diverges from the social norms of the situation |
| What are types of social movements? | -Alternative: target particular subgroups, limited social change -redemptive: target particular subgroups, radical social change -reformative: target entire society, limited social change -revolutionary: target entire society, radical social change |
| What are the stages of social movements? | 1.emergence 2.coalescence 3.institutionalization 4.result: success, failure, cooperation, repression, or "Go Mainstream" 5.decline |
| Describe social movements and organizations | social movement organizations develop to recruit members, coordinate participation, raise money, and clarify goals |
| Describe social movement | organized purposeful, and institutionalized collective behaviors |
Created by:
NickUD
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