Physics Unit 1
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| what is physics? | the study of interactions of matter & energy in all their diverse forms
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| what is radiologic physics? | the study of the behavior of xrays, origin, and nature
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| What makes up laws? | data makes up the laws from facts that clearly define natural occurences
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| what makes up a theory? | laws makeup a theory; correlation of various laws in order to determine their conformity to a general pattern.
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| what is a unit? | a quantity; adopted as a standard of measurement. can be used to measure quantities of the same kind
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| What are base quantities? | quantities that are reserved and form the base of all other units
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| What is another name for base quantities? | fundamental units
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| what are the 3 base units of all systems? | length, mass and time
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| what are the 4 systems of units? | british, SI, MKS, CGS
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| what are derived units? | units that arrived by mathematically manipulating base quantities
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| what are special units? | used to express special quantities that apply to certain fields
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| what is mechanics? | deals with objects in motion or at rest
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| what is velocity? | rate of change of its position with time.
V= d/t
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| What is acceleration? | rate of change of velocity with time
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| what is the unit for acceleration? | m/s^2
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| what is the formula for acceleration? | a= velocity (f) - velocity (o) / t
f=final; o=original
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| what are Newton's 3 laws of motion? | law of inertia, definition of force, for every action there's an opposite and equal reaction
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| what is weight? | (Wt) force on a body caused by a downward pull of gravity on it.
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| what is the formula for weight? | Wt=mg; weight= mass * gravity
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| T/F: the closer you are to the center of gravity, the greater the amount of pull. | true
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| what is the formula for momentum? | p=mv; momentum= mass * velocity
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| what is the law of conservation of momentum? | total momentum (p) before an interaction is equal to the total momentum (p) after interaction.
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| what is work? | force applied to an object times the distance over which it is applied W=fd
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| what is power? | the rate at which work is done (P)= work/time
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| What is Energy? | the ability to do work
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| what is the law of conservation of Energy? | energy cannot be created nor destroyed but CAN be converted from one energy to another.
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| what is heat? | the random & disordered motion of molecules
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| What is heat measured in? | calories
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| what is a calorie? | 1 calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water to 1 degree Celcius.
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| Convert 58 degrees Fahrenheit into Kelvins. | 287.4 K
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| Convert 56 degrees Celcius into Fahrenheit. | 132.8 F
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| what are the 3 methods of heat? | conduction, convection, and thermal radiation
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| what is conduction? | transfer of heat through a material or by touching
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| what is convection? | mechanical transfer of hot molecules in a gas or liquid from one place to another; molecules get heated & become less dense making them rise
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| what is thermal radiation? | transfer of heat by the emission of infrared radiation
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| what is the unit of Energy? | ev (voltage)
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| what is the property of matter that acts to resist a change in it's state of motion? | inertia
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| what is the historical unit to express exposure? | Roentgen
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| Push or pull on an object defines what? | force
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| The SI unit of absorbed dose is what? | Gray
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