Review of EOCT content for evolution
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| scientist who believed organisms evolved through acquired traits | Lamarck
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| He wrote Principles of Geology and said plants and animals had arisen, developed vairations and then became extinct | Lyell
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| He wrote An essay on the principles of populations and said species outgrow the food supply, compete for resources, and struggle for survival | Malthus
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| He sailed to the Galapagos Islands on the HMS Beagle and came up with the theory of natural selection | Darwin
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| traits that make organisms better suited to the environment | adaptations
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| changes in a population that occur when organisms with favorable variations for that particular environment survive, reproduce, and pass these variations on to the next generation. | natural selection
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| when species become separated and can no longer interbreed | reproductive isolation
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| use of mathematical descriptions of genetic phenomena to help trace evolutionary trends within populations | population genetics
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| Darwin counted over a dozen different species of finches that he believed evolved from a single founding species. This is an example of ____________ ____________. | adaptive radiation
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| This is where unrelated species may independently evolve superficial similarities because of their adaptations to similar environments. | convergent evolution
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| the variety of organisms, their genetic information, and the communities in which they live. | biodiversity
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| proteins that have changed very slowly and are shared by many species. Used to predict when how long ago organisms share a common ancestor. | molecular clocks
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| the evolution of a new species | speciation
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| when physical barriers cause populations to divide and prevent mating of individuals | geographic isolation
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| evolution that occurs over a long period of time when adaptive changes accumulate slowly and steadily over time in a population | gradualism
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| speciation that occurs quickly in rapid bursts, with long periods of stability | punctuated equilibrium
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| the remains of an organism left in rock, usually the bones and teeth | fossils
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| used to determine the age of fossils by using half-life of elements, usually Carbon 14 | radioisotope dating
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| recognizing distinct fossils in different layers of rock | relative dating
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| a description of the lines of descent (how species are interrelated) for plants and animals | phylogeny
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| the permanent loss of a species | extinction
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| reproductive efficiency of various individuals or genotypes in a population.; depends on the probability that the individual will survive and reproduce successfully | fitness
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| type of selection that favors the average in the population | stabilizing
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| type of selection that favors one variety over all the others | directional
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| type of selection when intermediates disappear and the two extreme varieties are favored | disruptive
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| structures in different species that are similar Example- seal's front flipper, horse's foreleg and human arm | homologous structures
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| structures that no longer have a function in an organism | vestigial organs
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| all of the alleles present in a population for a particular trait | gene pool
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