MAMC exam 8 disorders of remale reproductive tract
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| amenorrhea | absence of menstrual flow
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| dysmenorrhea | painful menstration
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| menorrhagia | excessive menstrual flow
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| metrorrhagia | excessive spotting between cycles
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| endometriosis | endometrial tissue appears in various places in the pelvic cavity
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| vaginal fistula | abnormal opening between 2 organs or between an internal hollow organ & the exterior of the body
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| uterine displacement | abnormal placement of the uterus
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| leiomyomas | benign tumor derived from smooth muscle, most often of the uterus
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| how endometrial tissue spreads in endometriosis | lymphatic circulation, menstrual backflow, congenital displacement
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| clinical manifestations of endometriosis | lower ABD pain pelvic pain with or without pain in the rectum unilateral or bilateral
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| risk factors of endometriosis | caucasian women between ages 25-35 who are higher socioeconomic classes & postponed childbirth until later years never experienced childbirth or lactation family history
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| treatment of endometriosis | high dose antiovulatory medications synthetic androgen gonadotropin-releasing hormone surgery
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| nursing considerations of endometriosis | pain, anxiety, pre & postoperative care, discharge teaching
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| types of GYN fistulas | urethrovaginal, vesteovaginal, rectovaginal
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| etiology of GYN fistulas | tissue breakdown, obstetric injury, surgical injury, rectovaginal fistula may be seen as a complication of ulcerative colitis
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| clinical manifestations of GYN fistulas | urine, feces, flatus from vagina vesicovaginal fistula may not void through the urethra excoriated, infected external genitalia, & vaginal wall
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| diagnosis of GYN fistulas | physical exam, methylene blue test, IV pyelogram, indigo cormine test, cystoscopy
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| treatment of GYN fistulas | surgical, nonsurgical, may heal spontaneously
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| nursing interventions for GYN fistulas | perineal hygiene proper nutrition, fluid intake, & rest prepare client for surgery postoperative nursing care
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| what are kegel exercises | allow contraction of the muscles used to stop the flow of urin
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| definition of relaxed pelvic muscles | relaxation of the floor of the pelvis
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| types of relaxed pelvic muscles | cystocele rectocele prolapse urethrocele enterocele
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| etiology of relaxed pelvic muscles | unrepaired postpartum tears childbirth, multiple births
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| what is a pessary? | firm rubber doughnut-shaped or ringed device that is inserted into the uppervagina to reposition & give support to the uterus when surgery is not performed
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| types of uterine displacement | anteflexion retroversion retroflexion
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| etiology of uterine displacement | congenital childbearing
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| diagnosis of uterine displacement made by | pelvic exam
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| amenorrhea may be caused by? | insufficient hormone secretion congenital abnormality stress pregnancy menopause
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| hysterectomy | ABD vaginal slapingectomy oophorectomy
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| define salpingectomy | removal of a fallopian tube
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| estrogens | available from natural sources (urine of pregnant mares) & may be made synthetically
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| patient is being treated for primary amenorrhea. what medication may be used for this problem | oxytocin (Pitocin)
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