Fabick
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| levodopa (L-Dopa) | dopaminergic Agents
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| levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet) | dopaminergic Agents
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| amantadine HCL (Symmetrel) | dopamine agonist
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| bromcriptine mesylate (Parlodel) | dopamine agonist
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| benztropine (Cogentin) | anticholinergic
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| trihexphenidyl (Artane) | anticholinergic
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| diphenhydramine hcl (Benadryl) | anticholinergic & cannabinoids
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| ethopropazine (Parsidol) | anticholinergic
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| procyclidine (Kemadrin) | anticholinergic
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| belladonaa alkaloids | anticholinergic
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| atropine | anticholinergic
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| scopolamine | anticholinergic
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| donepezil hcl (Aricept) | AchE Inhibitors
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| tacrine (Cognex) | AchE Inhibitors
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| rivastigmine tartrate (Exelon) | AchE Inhibitors
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| memantine (Namenda) | glutamergic inhibitors
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| interferon beta 1 & 1a (Avonex, Rebif, Betaseron) | Immune modulating or BMR
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| glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) | Immune modulating or BMR
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| azathioprine (Imuran) | Immune modulating or BMR
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| cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) | immunosuppressant
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| mitoxantrone (Novantrone) | immunosuppressant
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| drugs for chronic progressive MS | cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), mitoxantrone (Novantrone), & adrenocorticotriphic hormone (ACTH)
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| drugs for remission-exacerbation MS | interferon beta 1 & 1a (Avonex, Rebif, Betaseron), glatiramer acetate (Copaxone), & azathioprine (Imuran)
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| side effects for chronic progressive MS drugs | N/V, GI discomfort, allergic reactions, alopecia, blue-green tint to urine, & irreversible cardiac damage, possible teratogenic
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| side effects of remission-exacerbation MS drugs | flu like, discomfort at injection site, & liver toxicity
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| acute attack drugs for MS | glucocorticoid (Prednisone) & adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
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| which of the chronic progressive MS drugs is most toxic? | mitoxantrone (Novantrone)
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| Which drug do you need to give at a 14 day with tapering? | ACTH
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| Which drug do you watch the WBC & only give 5 days? | cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
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| What is a synthetic protein that stimulates proteins that make up the myelin sheath to decrease attacks & lesions? | glatiramer acetate (Copaxone)
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| what reduces spasticity & improves muscle tone & is given IM every other day? | interferon beta 1 & 1a (Avonex, Rebif, Betaseron)
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| drugs that block NMDA receptors & may slow ca accumulation to prevent further damage. allowing more glutamate to be available for learning & memory? | memantine (Namenda)
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| overdose s&s for glutamergic inhibitors | severe n/v, sweating, salivation, hypotesnion, bradycardia, increased muscle weakness & convulsions
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| side effects of AchE Inhibitor drugs | V/D, dark urine, insomnia, H/A, fatigue, urinary incontinence, blurred vision, arthralgia
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| what improves memory? | AchE Inhibitors
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| How long does it take before parkinsons is controlled with medicaitons? | weeks to 2-4 months
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| Drugs that cause discolored urine when exposed to air? | anticholinergics for parkinsons
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| what drugs do you not abruptly discontinue? | anticholinergics for parkinsons
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| anticholinergics are CI with what? | glaucoma & myesthenia gravis
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| what class for parkinsons reduces the rigidity & some of the tremors but not the bradykinesia? | anticholinergics
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| side effects of Parlodel? | n, orthostatic hypotension, palpitations, chest pain, edema, nightmares, delusions, confusion
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| What drug is the dose decreased if taken with Levedopa? | bromocriptine mesylate (Parlodel)
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| which drug works directly on the dopamine receoptors? | bromocriptine mesylate (Parlodel)
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| Which dopamine drug is also an antiviral? | amantadine hcl (Symmetrel)
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| which drug causes the release of neuronal sites & increase accumulation in peripheral & centrally. less effective than levedopa but fewer side effects? | amantadine hcl (Symmetrel)
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| onset of this drug is 48 hrs. | amantadine hcl (Symmetrel)
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| side effects include for amantadine hcl (Symmetrel) | orthostatic hypotension, confusion, urinary retention, & c
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| which drug acts by decreasing peripheral breakdown ofj levodopa to decrease side effects while increasing the amount of levodopa to blood? | levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet)
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| Which dopamine drug is a single daily dose? | levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet)
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| which drug is most effective in treating parkinson & acts by inhibiting enzymes that destroy it in the body or convert by dopadecarboxydase to dopamine? | levodopa (L-Dopa)
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| therapeutic effect for this durg takes 2-3 weeks while the full effect takes 2-4 months | levodopa (L-Dopa)
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| CI for glaucoma pts | levodopa (L-Dopa)
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| side effects for levodopa (L-Dopa) | GI disress, A/N/V, confusion, nervousness, dyskinesia, choreiform movements, euphoria, agitation, orthostatic hypotension, palpitation, tachycardia, cardiac dysrhythmias, HTN, insomnia, tolerance, & anticholinergics
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| choreiform movements | twisting wormlike
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| which drug should you monitor intraocular pressure, hepatic, renal, & cardio status | levodopa (L-Dopa)
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| given in a titrate dose | levodopa (L-Dopa)
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| works by blocking action potential of electrical activity or by interfering with synaptic transmission of electrical impulses. | AEDs
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| Classes of AEDs | hydantoins, barbiturates, benzodizepines, succinimides, misc antiepileptics
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| phenytoin (Dilantin) | hydantoins
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| phenobarbital (Luminal) | barbiturates
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| primidone (Mysoline) | barbiturates
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| clonzepam (Klonopin) | benzodizepines
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| clorazepate (Tranxene) | benzodizepines
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| midazolam (Versed) | benzodizepines
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| ethosuximide (Zarontin) | succinimides
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| carbamazepine (Tegretol) | misc antiepileptics
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| valproic acid (Depakote, Depakene) | misc antiepileptics
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| Used to treat tonic clonic & partial seizures | phenytoin (Dilantin)
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| used to treat status epilepticus | phenobarbital (Luminal), primidone (Mysoline), diazepam (Valium), & midazolam (Versed)
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| DOC for status epileptics | diazepam (Valium)
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| DOC for absence seizures | ethosuximide (Zarontin)
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| used to treat benign tremors & seizures | primidone (Mysoline)
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| promotes Na movement into neurons in the motor cortex increasing threshhold & preventing spread of electrical impulses | hydantoins
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| stimulates GABA receptors & inhibits the transmission & neuronal firing increasing the threshold & increase movement of Cl into cells | barbiturates
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| prevent the spread of electrical seizure activity by stimulating GABA | benzodizepines
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| decrease respnse to repeative stimuli in the basal ganglia & cortex | succinimides
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| similar to dilantin | carbamazepine (Tegretol)
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| side effects of phenytoin (Dilantin) | CNS depression, slurred speech, irritability, twitch, drowsy, agranulocytosis, anemai, hypoprothrombinemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, N/V/D/C, wt gain, red brown urin, gingival hyperplasia, teratogenic
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| side effects of bariturates | CNS depression, respiratory depression, drowsy, & idiosyncratic with kids & elderly
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| side effects of benzodiazepines | CNS depression, respiratory depression, sedation
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| side effects of succinimides | A/N/V/D/C, abd pain, wt loss, CNS depression, difficult concentration, mental slowness, drowsiness, ataxia, HA, lethargy, euphoria, photosensitivity, insomnia, bloody dyscrasias, & bone marrow suppression
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| side effects of tegretol | fatal blood dyscrasias, n/v, drowsy, decreased coordination, confusion, speech disturbances, abnormal involuntary movements, peripheral neuritis, photosensitivity
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| side effects of valproic acid | thrombocytopenia, N/V, sedation, & increased liver enzymes
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| cyclobenzaprine HCL (Flexeril) | centrally acting muscle relaxants
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| baclofen (Lioresal) | centrally acting muscle relaxants
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| chlorzoxazone (Paraflex, Parafon Forte) | centrally acting muscle relaxants
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| diazepam (Valium) | centrally acting muscle relaxants & benzodizepines & Anxiolytics
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| carisoprodol (Soma) | centrally acting muscle relaxants
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| meethocarbamol (Robaxin) | centrally acting muscle relaxants
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| orphenadrine citrate (Norflex, Flexon) | centrally acting muscle relaxants
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| dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) | peripherally or direct acting muscle relaxants
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| botulinum toxin type A (Botox, Dysport) | newer direct-acting muscle relaxant
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| botulinum toxin type B (Myobloc) | newer direct-acting muscle relaxant
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| meprobamate (Equanil, Miltown) | Anxiolytics
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| side effects for centrally acting muscle relaxants | n/v, tachycardia, dry mouth, rash, asthma attacki, blurred vision, sedation, drowsy, insomnia, hyptoension, diplopia
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| side effects for peripherally or direct acting muscle relaxants | A/N/V/D, sweating, photosensitivity, urinary retention, liver toxicity, muscle weakness, drowsy, dizzy, insomnia, tachycardia, hypotension
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| drugs that block interneuronal activity to the brain & spinal cord | centrally acting muscle relaxants
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| works directly on the muscle for relaxation especially spastic. interferes with Ca ions release. | peripherally acting muscle relaxants
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| causes weakness or paralysis of involved muscles due to blocking hte release of acetylcholine from the nerve terminals | newer direct-acting muscle relaxants
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| inhibits afferent spinal synaptics pathways & directly suppresses muscle function at the NMJ or synapse | diazepam (Valium)
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| these drugs cause lowered blood sugar levels so DM pts should monitor levels closely | centrally acting muscle relaxants
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| do not discontinue this drug abruptly | centrally acting muscle relaxants
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| important to monitor for hepatotoxicity in what drug? | dantrolene sodium (Dantrium)
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| also used to treat malignant hyperthermia | dantrolene sodium (Dantrium)
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| avoid extravastion of the this drug if given IV | dantrolene sodium (Dantrium)
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| therapeutic effect takes about 1 wk if taken PO | dantrolene sodium (Dantrium)
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| treats dystonias & migraines | newer direct-acting muscle relaxants
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| repeated injections every 3-6 month is required for what meds & also can result in the loss of effectiveness | newer direct-acting muscle relaxants
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| what drug should you not mix or dilute. give IV slowly & IM deep | diazepam (Valium)
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| used topically to decrease chemical transmission to sensory allowing relaxation of the muslces | cayenne
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| what is the active ingredient in cayenne? | capsaicin
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| important thing to remember when applying cayenne | placed only on intact skin
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| dronabinol (Marinol) | cannabinoids
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| trimethobenzamide (Tigan) | cannabinoids
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| benzquinamide HCL (Emete-Con) | cannabinoids
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| hydroxyzine HCL (Vistaril, Atarax) | cannabinoids
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| scopolamine transdermal (Transderm Scop) | cannabinoids
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| dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) | cannabinoids
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| meclizine (Antivert) | cannabinoids
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| ondansetron (Zofran) | selective serotonin receptor antagonists
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| metoclopramide (Reglan) | GI Stimulants
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| cisapride (Propulsid) | GI Stimulants
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| sibutramine (Meridia) | anorexiants
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| pancrelipase (Pancrease, Cotazym, Ilozyme, & others) | digestive enzymes
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| pancreatin (Pancrezyme, Creon, & others) | digestive enzymes
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| Ipecac | emetics
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| contains active ingredient found in marijunana causing euphoria, antiemetic, & relaxation response | dronabinol (Marinol)
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| depresses the CRT zone at the medulla to treat N/V | trimethobenzamide (Tigan)
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| depresses the CRT zone & prevents & treats N/V | benzquinamide HCL (Emete-Con)
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| unknown action. anticholinergic. helps with anxiety, pruritus with allergy, pre/post op sedation, DTs, adjuncts to narcotics, N/V | hydroxyzine HCL (Vistaril, Atarax)
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| inhibits effects in the vestibular area of the CNS & the V center | scopolamine transdermal (Transderm Scop)
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| used for motion sickness | dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
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| treats vertigo, Meneires disease, & motion sickness | meclizine (Antivert)
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| blocks the receptors that are stimulated by serotonin in the CTZ to prevent N/V | ondanestron (Zofran)
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| blocks dopamine receptors in the CRT zone | metoclopramide (Reglan)
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| inhibits prostaglandin synthesis to help chemotherapy induced v | corticosteroids
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| contains enzymes lipase, protease, & amylase replaceing it d/t decrease in pancreas & help complete the final stages of digestion | digestive enzymes
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| side effects for dronabinol (Marinol) | euphoria, confusion, ataxia, increased sensory awareness, decreased motor coordination, paranoia, hunger (cheo appetite stimulant), hungover appearance
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| side effects for trimethobenzamide (Tigan) | sedation, H/A, loose stools, dizziness, muscle cramps, blurred vision, seziures, severe v, depression, tremors, weakness, sore throat, jaundice
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| side effects benzquinamide HCL (Emete-Con) | sedation, agitation, insomnia, H/A, dry mouth, increased sweating, increased salivation, blurred vision, hiccups, EPS, hypo/HTN, dysrhythmias
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| side effects of hydroxyzine HCL (Vistaril, Atatrax) | drowsiness, dry mouth
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| side effects for scopolamine transdermal (Transderm scop) | c, dry skin, dry mucous membranes, blurred vision, drowsiness, insomnia , difficulty urinating, photophobia, dysphagia, glaucoma, & IIOP
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| side effects for ondansetron (Zofran) | HTN, anxiety drowsiness, abd pain, D, xerostomia
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| side effects for Reglan | loose stools, dizzy, orthostatic hypotension, drowsy, abd pain, N/V, anorexia, wt. loss, difficulty urinating & breathing, chest pain, paresthesia, hallucinations, visual disturbances, nightmares, agranulocytosis, EPS
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| side effects of cisapride (Propulsid) | D/N/V, stomach distress
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| side effects of anorexiants | H/A, insomnia, dry mouth, HTN, tachycardia
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| side effects of digestive enzymes | N/D, abd cramping, avoid skin contact d/t irritation, caution with asthma d/t ability to cause asthma attack if accidentally inhaled
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| what medication is it important not to crush, chew, or change brands? | digestive enzymes
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| CI for pork allergy | digestive enzymes
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| What drug is not used in children with viral illness d/t risk of Reye syndrome? | trimethobenzamide (Tigan)
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| what drug do you need to check BP prior to administration & after? | trimethobenzamide (Tigan)
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| used cautiously with DHD, electrolyte imbalances, high fever, gastroenteritis, or encephalitis | trimethobenzamide (Tigan)
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| what drug is given 15 mins prior to emergence of anesthesia | benzquinamide HCL (Emete-Con)
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| patch placed on mastoid process that can cause one sided pupillary dilation. placed 4-12hrs prior to & can be left on for 3 days. | scopolamine transdermal (Transderm Scop)
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| given 30 mins prior to chemo IV. 2 hrs prior to radiation PO | ondansetron (Zofran)
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| avoid using this medication with pt who have epilepsy, pheochromocytoma, GI increased motility is hazardous or already increased. | GI stimulants
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| administered 30 mins before meals & at HS | GI stimulants
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| pt must have a BMI >30 or 27 with risk factors (DM , HTN) | sibutramine (Meridia)
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| must be given a 2 week washout b/w MAOIs | Meridia
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| fluoxetine (Prozac) & sertaline (Zoloft) | can be used like Meridia
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| older preps of anorexiants caused what types of problems? | cardiac & addictive b/c of amphetamines, fen-phen, or ephedra alkaloids
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| inhibits or blocks the effect of Ach to balance it with dopamine. inhibits the overactivity of the brain & muscle tremors/rigidity. | benztropine (Cogentin)
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