ARRT Registry Review: Positioning
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| Body habitus identified as large, heavy, thick, short, and wide with lungs and heart positioned high and stomach in transverse position is known as? | Hypersthenic
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| Body habitus described as slender, light,and delicate with a long and narrow thorax is known as? | Asthenic
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| Turning of the body or arm so that the palm faces forward, with thumb away from midline of body is known as? | Supination
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| What is the opposite of supination? | Pronation
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| Bending motion that decreases the angle between associated bones is known as what? | Flexion
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| Bending motion that increases the angle between associated bones is known as what? | Extension
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| What are the main functions of the skeletal system? | support, reservoir for minerals, muscle attachment/movement, protection, and hematopoiesis
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| What are the bone tissue types? | cortical (hard, compact) and cancellous (spongy)
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| What is the structure and function of Synarthrosis type joints? | Structure: Fibrous
Function: Immovable
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| what is the structure and function of Amphiarthrosis type joints? | Structure: Cartilaginous
Function: Partially moveable
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| What is the structure and function of Diarthrosis type joints? | Structure: Synovial
Function: Freely moveable
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| Name all of the carpals. | Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate, Triquetrum, Pisiform, Lunate, and Scaphoid
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| List the articulations of the upper extremity and shoulder girdle. | Acromioclavicular Sternoclavicular, Shoulder (Glenohumeral), Elbow, Distal radioulnar, Radiocarpal, Intercarpal, Carpometacarpal, Metacarpophalangeal, and Interphalangeal
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| Name the tarsal bones. | Calcaneous, Talus, Navicular, Cuboid, First/Second/Third Cuneiform
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| List the articulations of the lower extremity and Pelvic Girdle. | Sacroiliac, hip, knee, proximal tibiofibular, distal tibiofibular, ankle, intertarsal, tarsometatarsal, metatarsophalangeal, interphalageal
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| Describe a normal male pelvis. | narrow, more verticle, deeper from anterior to posterior, pubic angle less than 90 degrees, inlet is narrower and heart-shaped
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| Describe a normal female pelvis. | Wider, more horizontal, shallower from anterior to posterior, pubic angle is more than 90 degrees, and pelvic inlet is larger/rounder
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| How do you locate the hip? | Bisect the ASIS and pubic symphysis; center 1' distal and lateral to that point
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| How do you locate the knee? | Center immediately below the patellar apex
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| How do you locate the ankle? | Center midway between the malleoli
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| How do you adjust your technique for the following pathologies: Arthritis, Ewings Sarcoma, Osteomalacia, Osteoporosis, Rickets, and Thalassemia? | Decrease
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| How do you adjust your exposure factors for the following pathologies: Acromegaly, Chronic Gout, Multiple Myeloma, Osteochondroma, Osteopetrosis, and Paget Disease | Increase
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| A fractured end of bone that has penetrated the skin is known as what type of fracture? | Compound
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| What type of fracture is a greenstick fracture with one cortex buckled/compacted and the other intact? | Torus/buckle
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| What fracture is a small bony fragment pulled from bony prominense as a result of forceful pull of the attached ligament or tendon (chip fracture)? | Avulsion
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| What is a faint undisplaced fracture? | Hairline
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| What is one fracture composed of several fragments known as? | Comminuted
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| A fracture made just proximal to the head of the 5th metacarpal? | Boxer
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| Describe a Monteggia fracture. | Fracture at proximal third of ulnar shaft with anterior dislocation of radial head
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| Describe a Colles fracture. | transverse fracture of distal third of radius with posterior angulation and associated avulsion fracutre of ulnar styloid process
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| Describe a Trimalleolar fracture. | Fracture of lateral malleolus
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| What is a Jones fracture? | Fracture of base of fifth metatarsal
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| What is a Potts fracture? | Fractured distal tibia and fibula with dislocation of ankle joint
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