Atmosphere Study Guide
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| Means Heat. Layer with the highest Temperature. | Thermosphere
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| Weather Layer | Troposphere
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| The blanket of gases that surrounds our planet. An “ocean” of air hundreds of miles deep held in place by the earth’s gravity. | Atmosphere
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| Highly Ionized layer of Air due to Sun's UV rays. Used to bounce radio waves. | Ionosphere
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| Colorful displays of light in nighttime sky due to ionized particles interacting with atmosphere at the poles. | Auroras
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| Means Middle. Coldest Layer. | Mesosphere
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| Means Life. Lowest Layer of Atmosphere. | Troposphere
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| Means Layers. Strong Steady Dry Winds. Contains Ozone Layer | Stratosphere
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| Means Out. Outermost Layer. | Exosphere
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| Layer of unstable oxygen molecules. (O3) Protects us from UV radiation. | Ozone Layer
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| Three types of this. ___A, ___B, ___C. | Ultraviolet Radiation
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| Avenues of high winds (250 mph) that flow in the lower stratosphere. | Jet Stream
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| Total kinetic (Moving) energy of all the particles of a substance. | Heat
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| A Measure of average kinetic energy. | Temperature
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| Incoming Solar Radiation | Insolation
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| Point where Earth is closest to the Sun | Perihelion
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| Point where Earth is furthest from the Sun | Aphelion
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| 23.5 Degrees | Earth's Tilt
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| June 21st- Longest Day of the Year | Summer Solstice
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| December 21st-Shortest Day of the Year | Winter Solstice
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| When both hemispheres get EQUAL amount of sunlight. 12 hours of day and 12 hours of night. | Equinox
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| Heat from the sun and the earth's surface is absorbed by the CO2 and Water Vapor. | Greenhouse Effect
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| Transfer of Energy through Space. Examples: UV, Visible Light, Infrared. Standing by a fire. | Radiation
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| Transfer of energy in a liquid or gas through motion caused by differences in density. Warm Air Rises, cool air sinks. Marshmallow toasting above a fire. | Convection.
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| Transfer of energy through collisions of atoms. Walking on hot coals. Grabbing a fire poker left in a fire too long. | Conduction.
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| Temperature of a gas rises as it is compressed. | Adiabatic Heating
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| Temperature of a gas drops as it is decompressed. | Adiabatic Cooling
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| The pressure due to the weight of the atmosphere. | Barometric Pressure
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| Atmospheric pressure at sea level | 14.7psi
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| State of the Earth's atmosphere at a certain time and place. | Weather
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| Scientist who studies weather. | Meteorologist
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| The change of a substance from a liquid to a gas. Steam | Evaporation
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| The change of a substance from a gas to a liquid. Dew | Condensation
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| The change of a substance from a solid to a gas. Dry Ice | Sublimation
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| The change of a substance from a gas to a solid. Frost | Deposition
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| Movement of water from the sea into the air and then back to the sea. | Water Cycle
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| Any form of water that falls back to Earth's surface from the clouds. | Precipitation
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| Temperature at which saturation occurs and condensation begins. Above 32 Degrees Fahrenheit | Dew Point
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| Temperature at which saturation occurs and condensation begins. BELOW 32 Degrees Fahrenheit | Frost Point
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| Forms when air cools to its dew point in the atmosphere. | Clouds
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| Low Clouds that forms in layers. | Stratus
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| Clouds that are fluffy with flat bases. | Cumulus
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| High Delicate feathery clouds. | Cirrus
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| Stratus clouds that form on the surface of the earth. | Fog
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| Smoke + Fog | Smog
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| How near the air is to its maximum capacity for holding water vapor (Being Saturated). | Relative Humidity
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| Region of hot air that is rising resulting in less pressure. | Low Pressure Zone
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| Region of cold air that sinks and piles up, resulting in more pressure. | High Pressure Zone
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| Lines of equal pressure on a weather map. | Isobars
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| Horizontal movements of air that travels from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. | Wind
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| Change in the direction of an object’s path due to earth’s rotation. | Coriolis Effect
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| A large body of air with uniform temperature and moisture content. | Air Mass
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| Extremely cold & dry type of Air Mass i.e. Forms over ice covered portions of the Arctic | Continental Arctic
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| Cool & dry air mass i.e. Forms over northern Canada or Alaska | Continental Polar
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| Cold & damp air mass i.e. Forms over the North Atlantic | Maritime Polar
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| Warm & wet air mass i.e. Forms over the South Pacific or Gulf of Mexico | Maritime Tropical
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| Hot & dry air mass i.e. Forms over land such as Mexico | Continental Tropical
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| The boundary that separates opposing air masses. | Front
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| The boundary between an advancing cold air mass and the warmer air mass it is displacing. | Cold Front
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| The boundary between an advancing warm air mass and the colder air mass it is displacing. | Warm Front
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| When a front is not moving forward. | Stationary Front
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| When a cold front catches up to a warm front, forcing the warm air to rise. | Occluded Front
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| First Stage in Thunderstorm Formation. | Cumulus Stage
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| Second Stage in Thunderstorm Formation. | Mature Stage
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| Final Stage in Thunderstorm Formation. | Dissipating Stage
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| A winter storm characterized by high winds, low temperatures, and falling or blowing snow. | Blizzard
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| Abrupt discharge of electricity through the air | Lightning
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| The sound produced by the explosive expansion of air around the lightning bolt. | Thunder
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| A violently rotating column of air that usually touches the ground. | Tornado
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| Giant whirling storm accompanied by destructive winds and torrential rains. Winds greater than 74 mph | Hurricane
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| First stage in Hurricane formation. Winds less than 23 mph | Tropical disturbance
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| Second stage in Hurricane formation. Winds 23-39 mph | Tropical depression
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| Third stage in Hurricane formation. Winds 39-74 mph | Tropical storm
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| Place where they call hurricanes "willy-willies" | Australia
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| Scientific Name of a Hurricane | Tropical Cyclone
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| The rapid rise in water level along the coast as a hurricane or other tropical storm approaches. | Storm surge
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| The year-round weather typical of a certain place. | Climate
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| The event that causes clouds moving from the sea to and up mountain sides to drop they're moisture through precipitation and as it it passes to the other side stops raining producing something called the orographic effect. | Rain Shadow
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| a pattern of meteorological symbols that represents the weather at a particular observing station and that is recorded on a weather map. | Station Model
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