Medical Terminology Must-Know List
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| ABRASION | Scaping of the skin.
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| ACUTE | Having a sudden onset, sharp rise, and short course.
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| ALLERGY | Hypersensitivity to a foreign substance.
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| AMBULATORY | Walking or able to walk.
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| ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK | A serious, often life-threatening, allergic reaction.
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| ANEURISM | Dilation of an artery due to blood pressure on a weakened wall.
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| ANGINA PECTORIS | Chest pain caused by decreased blood (oxygen) supply to the heart muscle, e.g. narrowing of coronary arteries.
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| APNEA | Cessation of breathing.
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| APPENDICITIS | Inflammation of the appendix.
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| ARRHYTHMIA | Any variation from normal rhythm of the heartbeat.
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| ARTERIOSCLEROSIS | Hardening of the walls of the arteries.
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| ASPHYXIA | A condition caused by inadequate intake of oxygen.
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| ASPIRATION | 1. Drawing in of vomitus or fluid into the respiratory tract. 2. Withdrawal of fluid by suction.
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| ASTHMA | Disease marked by increased mucous production and chronic inflammation of the bronchial tubes resulting in difficulty in breathing.
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| BENIGN | Not malignant - has the ability to grow and be harmful but does not spread to adjacent tissue.
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| BLOOD PRESSURE | Pressure of the blood exerted against vessel walls. (systolic pressure/diastolic pressure)
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| BRONCHITIS | Inflammation of the bronchial tubes.
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| CARCINOMA | A form of cancer.
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| CARDIAC ARREST | Stoppage of effective heart action.
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| CARDIAC | Pertaining to the heart.
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| CATHETERIZATION | The placement of a tube into the body, usually for drainage reasons.
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| CERVICAL | Pertaining to the neck.
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| CHRONIC | Marked by long duration or frequent recurrence: not acute
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| COMA | Unconsciousness from which the patient cannot be aroused - deep and prolonged.
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| CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE (CHF) | Heart cannot efficiently pump blood due to previous heart muscle damage.
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| CONSCIOUS | Mentally awake - responds to stimuli.
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| CONTUSION | Injury to tissues without skin breakage (bruise).
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| CONVULSIONS | Involuntary contraction and relaxation of the voluntary muscles.
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| CORONARY HEART DISEASE | Blood supply to the heart is decreased by the narrowing of coronary arteries.
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| CYANOSIS | Blueness of the skin due to oxygen deficiency in the blood and tissues.
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| DEHYDRATION | Inadequate amount of water in the body tissues.
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| DELIRIUM | Usually a temporary mental disturbance noted by illusions, wandering speech and hallucinations.
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| DEPRESSION | Lowered mental and physical activity.
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| DERMATITIS | Inflammation of the skin.
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| DIABETES | Body does not regulate blood sugar level properly - usually due to lack of insulin.
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| DIAPHORESIS | Profuse sweating (diaphoretic).
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| DIASTOLE | Relaxation phase of heartbeat.
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| DISORIENTATION | Mental confusion - loss of recognition of time, place of persons.
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| DYSPNEA | Difficult or labored breathing.
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| ECTOPIC | Not in normal place (e.g. tubal pregnancy)
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| EDEMA | Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the tissues.
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| EMBOLUS | Foreign substance or air bubble in blood vessel, which partially or completely obstructs the blood flow (Embolism)
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| EMPHYSEMA | A chronic condition of the lung marked by abnormal dilation of its air spaces and distension of its walls.
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| EPILEPSY | Chronic disease marked by attacks of convulsions.
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| EPISTAXIS | Nosebleed.
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| GASTROINTESTINAL | Pertaining to the stomach and intestines (e.g., G.I. Bleed)
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| GLAUCOMA | Condition of excess pressure of fluid in the eye.
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| HEMATOMA | Collection of blood in a muscle or tissue.
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| HEMATURIA | Blood in the urine.
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| HEMOPHILIA | Hereditary blood disease characterized by prolonged coagulation time.
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| HEMORRHAGE | External or internal escape of blood from a vessel.
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| HEMOTHORAX | Collection of blood in the thoracic cavity.
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| HYPERTENSION | Elevation in blood pressure (a.k.a. - High Blood Pressure)
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| HYPERVENTILATION | Increase in rate or depth (or both) of respiration.
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| HYPOGLYCEMIA | Abnormally low amount of sugar in the blood.
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| HYSTERIA | A state of tension or excitement in which there is a temporary loss of control over actions and emotions.
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| INSULIN | Hormone (natural or artificial) to regulate sugar level in the body.
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| INTUBATION | Insertion of a tube, e.g., into trachea to open airway.
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| ISOLATION | Containment of persons having infectious diseases.
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| LEUKEMIA | Abnormal increase of white blood cells in the body.
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| MALIGNANT | Tends to become worse and result in death.
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| MENINGES | Three membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
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| MENINGITIS | Inflammation of the meninges.
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| MISCARRIAGE | Interruption of pregnancy prior to the fifth month.
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| MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION | Damage to the heart muscle resulting from blocked or restricted coronary arteries (a.k.a. - MI)
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| MYOCARDIUM | Heart muscle
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| ORTHOPNEA | Inability to breathe in a supine position.
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| PALLOR | A pale appearance to the skin.
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| PARALYSIS | Loss or impairment of the ability to move body parts.
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| PARAPLEGIA | Paralysis of the lower body and legs.
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| PHLEBITIS | Inflammation of a vein.
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| PNEUMONIA | Infection that occurs when fluid and cells collect in the lungs.
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| PNEUMOTHORAX | Presence of air or gas in the thorax cavity.
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| PROSTRATION | Extreme exhaustion.
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| QUADRIPLEGIA | Paralysis affecting all four limbs.
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| RIGOR MORTIS | Stiffening of the muscles after death.
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| SCLEROSIS | Hardening of a part.
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| SHOCK | A state of collapse resulting from inadequate tissue perfusion.
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| SIGNS | Observed changes in a patient's body.
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| SPASM | Sudden involuntary contraction.
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| STOMA | Artificial opening between body cavity and body opening.
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| STROKE | Sudden decrease or loss of conciousness, sensation, and/or voluntary motion caused by rupture or obstruction (as by a clot) of an artery of the brain (a.k.a. C.V.A. - Cerebral Vascular Accident)
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| STUPOR | A state of reduced responsiveness or partial unconsciousness.
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| SYMPTOM | Complaint or description of something associated to the illness as stated by the patient.
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| SYSTOLE | Contracting phase of the heartbeat.
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| THROMBUS | Blood clot which forms in a blood vessel or in the heart cavity
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| TRAUMA | Wound or injury from an external force.
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| TRIAGE | Sorting, according to initial examination, of casualties in a disaster situation.
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| TUMOR | Abnormal growth of cells.
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| UMBILICAL CORD | Cord-like vessel for the conveyance of nutrients and waste between the unborn child and placenta.
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| UNCONSCIOUSNESS | Lack of environmental awareness - incapability to react to sensory stimuli.
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