Ions, Isotopes, various types of chemical bonds
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| compound | two or more atoms (elements) chemically bonded together by a chemical reaction. ex. NaCl
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| covalent bond | When atoms share valence electrons to feel stable. When two non-metals bond together.
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| covalent bond properties | These are weak bonds. They have low melting and boiling points. ex. H20
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| element | Smallest form of matter. Cannot be broken down into a smaller substance. Ex. Au
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| Group 1 | Easier to bond with because it has less valence electrons to get rid of. (1 valence e-)
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| Group 14 | Hard to bond with because it needs to add or lose 4 electrons to feel stable.
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| Group 17 | Easier to bond with because it only needs one more electron to be full. (It has 7 valence e-)
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| hydrogen bond | when water molecules bond to other water molecules.
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| ionic bond | When ions of opposite charges are attracted to one another and bond. When a nonmetal and a metal bond together.
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| ionic bond properties | These are strong bonds. They have high melting and boiling points. Ex. CaCl2
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| ions | Atoms that gain or lose electrons and will have a positive or negative charge.
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| isotopes | Atoms that gain or lose neutrons. They will have a neutral charge and their mass will change.
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| Law of Conservation of Mass | Mass cannot be created or destroyed. This means the mass before a chemical reaction has to be the same after a reaction.
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| metallic bonds | When two metal atoms bond together by loosely held together valence electrons. They conduct electricity, have luster, are malleable, and ductile.
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| metals | are on the left side of the periodic table.
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| Non-metals | are on the right side of the periodic table.
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| metalloids | Can act as a metal or a non-metal. These elements border the stair steps of the periodic table.
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| Positive Charged Ion | Happens when an atom loses electrons.
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| Negative Charged Ion | happens when an atom gains electrons.
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| Cation | A positive charged ion
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| Anion | A negative charged ion
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| Radioactivity | the spontaneous emission of radiation by an unstable atomic nucleus
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| Half-life | length of time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay
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