Music Appreciation
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| Baroque Era | -means busy
-1600-1750
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| The Baroque Spirits | -turbulent changes in politics, science, arts
-Galileo,Newton
-American colonies: Jamestown and Plymouth
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| Middle-class Music Making | music making centered in home, church, and universities
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| "New Thing" (Style) | -moved from polyphony to homophony
-new style featured solo song with instrumental accompainiment
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| Cantata | -name of genre from the Italian, cantrare- "to sing"
-for solo singer(s) and instrumental accompaniment
-early secular Italian
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| Rhythm, early: free | -rhythm in the early Baroque
-the speech rhythm of monody
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| Rhythm, later: dance-like and vigorous | -rhythm in the late Baroque
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| Ornamentation | subtle dynamics changes done by the performer to enhance the emotion
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| Basso Continuo | -most characteristic of Baroque style
-continuously prominent bass layer
-hamophony
-bass layer presented by two instruments: melody instrument and a chord instrument
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| Major and Minor Modes Dominate | characteristic of the Baroque style
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| Countertenor/Castato | unaltered men to sing alto and soprano
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| Countertenor/Castraoti | altered men to sing alto and soprano
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| Doctrine of Affection (Style) | total relationship of text and music
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| Virtuoso | -associated with high skill and audience a pile
-technical improvements in instrument making
-composer challenges the performers
-Vivaldi - violin virtuoso
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| Women in Baroque Music | -more women were singers and instrumentalists
-more often recognized
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| Strozzi | -Italian singer and composer
-educated in Venice
-excelled in male-dominated fields
-prolific composer of madrigals, arias, cantatas, and motets
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| Amor dormiglione | -composer: Strozzi
-genre:concert aria
-texture: homophony (basso continuo)
-rhythmic style is varied
-form is tenerany: A-B-A
-monody is a style no a texture
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| Baroque Opera | the most important new genre of the Baroque
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| Genre- Opera | large-scale music drama combining...
poetry, acting, scenery, costumes, singing, and instrumental music
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| Orfeo | -demigod
-played the lyre and sang, very good, to make people fall in love with him
-dramatic theme from classical culture
-hymn-like and madrigal-like chorus
-instrumental dance movements
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| Overture/Sinfora | instrumental movement present before the curton goes up on th dramatic action / small overture
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| Recitative | enhanced recitation, sing songy monidy like movement
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| Aria | -finnish manifestation of the song
-exert from an operas
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| Liberetto | little book of just the words of the opera
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| monteverdi | early famous composer of opera: Orfeo, Arianna, Coronation of Poppea
-first to put song, monodies, choruses and instruments together
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| Eurydice | person Orfea is to marry
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| Ensamble | a group of musicians
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| Chorus | a group of singers
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| Instrumental | a musical piece without lyrics
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| Vivaldi | -"The Red Priest"
-Italian violinist and prolific composer
-worked at Conservatorio del' Ospedele ella Pieta
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| Baroque Concerto | -"concerto" from the Latin concertare ("to contend with")
-explores relationship between different performing forces
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| Tutti | the full orchestra
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| Primavera, Mvt 1 | -set of four, 3-movment violoin concertos
-solo violin and string orchestra
-ritornello (a returning passage presented by the full orchestra)
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| Handel | -German born, educated
-studied opera in Italy
-last, London/the Royal Academy of Music (group of composers)
-died an English citizen
-composed Music for the Royal Fireworks and Water Music (inc.,Suite in D Major)
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| Oratorio | -"Opera-like"
-performed by chorus, solo voices and orchestra
-uses suites and sonatas which are not in an opera
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| Oratorio-Messiah | -Libretto (selected passages from Hebrew and Greek Scriptures)
-three segment organization: Part 1 Christmas, Part 2 Easter, Part 3 Redemption through Faith
-Hallelujah from Part 2 of Spring
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| "Rejoice Greatly" | -from Messiah, Part 1
-aria
-for Soprano
-Da Capo (A-B-A')
-Word-painting melisma (many tones per syllable)
-Ritornelli*
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| Bach, J.S. | -Johann Sebastian
-contrapuntalist
-organist,composer and educator
-career in northern Germany
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| Baroque Orchestra | -strings
-woodwind (made of wood)
-horn and trumpets "natural" (valveless)
-timpani
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| Keyboard Instrumnets | -organ (pipes)
-Harpsichord (strings plucked)
-Clavichord (strings hit with a hammer)
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| Lutheran Choral | -"Battle hymns of the Reformation"
-Martin Luther (came up with Protestantism and said everyone should be able to sing in church)
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| The Late Baroque Contata | -multi-movement genre
-Sinfonia(overture)
-Recitative
-Aria
-Chorus
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| Early Cantatas | secular Italian
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| Late Cantatas | -sacred German cantatas
-"Chorale" cantatas fro the Lutheran
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| Bach's Cantatas | -typically have five to eight movements
-designed to teach church doctrine
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| Ognitation | to double the length of the notes
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| Diminution | to shorten the length of the notes
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| Fugue | -subject (name given to the primary melodic line)
-Counter subject (counter melody)
-exposition (segment of a piece were the primary materials are present or exposed)
-episode ( part of a piece all about modulation, not presentation of a piece)
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| Sonata-Allegro | a form of a movement consisting of three sections, the exposition, development, and recapitulation, often followed by a coda
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| Classical Era | -related to Greek/Roman antiquity
-A supreme accomplishment of lasting appeal
-Concern for order, objectivity, and proportion
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| Musical Style (classical era) | -frequent use of folk-like elements
-sing-able, lyrical melodies ("tunes")
-regular meter and "delightful" rhythms
-homophonic texture
-harmony drivers form
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| -(Wolfgang) Amadeus Mozart | -classical composer...pianist, violinist
-Austrian born
-Associated always with Vienna
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| Mozart's music | -Ludwig Kocel ("K" number)
-chamber music
-piano music
-symphonies...
-concertos
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| Franz Joseph Haydn | -Austrian composer
-choirboy at St.Cathedral in Vienna
-ten year 'free-lance"
-long time employee of the Esterhasy family
-two successful trips to England late in life
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| Classical Concerto | -three movement
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| Classical Symphony | -developed to large extent by Haydn
-for the classical Orchestra
-special effects early: rocket-a rhythmically, acceding melodic line
-four movements
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| Chamber Music | -string quartet
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| Piano Concerto in G Major | -K.453
-written for Barbara von Ployer
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| K.453 Mvt 1 | -form:
-exposition(s)
-development
-recapitulate with cadenza
-coda
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| II. Second Mvt | -tempo: slow
-Mood: "lyrical"
-Harmony
-Ternary form
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| String Quartet, Op.76, No.3 | -op.(abbreviation for opus)
-composer: Hayden
-AKA: "The Emperor Quartet"
-tempo: "rather slowly, in a singing style"
-form: theme and variation
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Created by:
NickUD
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