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ISS 315 Sub-Saharan Africa

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Question
Answer
What is the population in Sub-Saharan Africa?   Nearly 865 million people  
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How many states are there in Africa?   49 states, with South Sudan being the newest.  
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What are the most populous states?   Nigeria and Ethiopia  
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When was the post colonial period?   1950s to 1970s  
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What type of population live in Sub-Saharan Africa?   poor, rural, young  
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What kind of continent is it?   Plateau Continent  
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What is a rift valley?   Rift Valleys are a surface landscape where two tectonic plates are diverging or moving apart. Rift valleys are depressions or a large valley. Most of the major lakes are on rift valleys. (except Lake Victoria. Lake Victoria is not on a rift valley)  
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What is the lowveld?   Lowveld is a coastal plane around Africa. (Name given by Dutch.)  
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What is the tallest mountain in Sub-Saharan Africa and where is it located?   Mt. Kilimanjario in Tanzania (Mt. Kenya is the second highest)  
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What is the highveld?   higher elevation  
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Name the Major Rivers.   Nile, Congo, Niger, Zambezi. (also, rivers are atypical due to plateau character)  
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What is the average elevation?   1000 feet  
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What climates are found in Africa?   Tropical climate & forest, Savanna, Desert  
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Why is the Kalahari not considered to be desert?   The Kalahari is not dry enough to be a desert. To be a desert, the place must receive more than 10 inches of rainfall a year.  
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How is the soil in Africa?   It's very infertile, except around the rift valleys.  
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What is desertification?   An expansion of desert due to human-induced degradation.  
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What is the Sahel?   The zone of transition between Sahara to the north and wetter savannas to the south.  
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What is transhumance?   The movement of animals between wet and dry season pasture.  
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What are the causes of desertification?   peanut farming, overgrazing from cows and goats  
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What is the cause of deforestation in the Savanna climate?   Principle biofuels like wood and charcoal are used for cooking.  
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What are the solutions to deforestation in the Savanna climate?   NGOs and Wangari Maathai  
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What are NGOs?   Non-government organizations  
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Who is Wangari Maathai?   Kenayan woman who started the Green Belt Movement  
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What country (in the Tropical Rain Forest Climate) has the worst deforestation?   Madagascar  
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What part of Africa has limited wildlife due to population?   West Africa (the bulge)  
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What two countries have a lot of animals, tourism, and hunting?   Kenya and Bostwana  
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What part/countries in Africa has threaten wildlife?   East Africa, specifically Kenya and Tanzania  
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What part/country has the most secure wildlife area?   Southern Africa, specifically Bostwana  
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What is the international trade policy for ivory?   banned in 1989, modified in 1990 to allow for limited sales (Kenya and Tanzania were selling it in the black market)  
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What areas are most vulnerable to Global Warming?   the Sahel, southern savanna (Zambia and Zimbabwe), the Horn of Africa  
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How will global warming affect those areas?   Food security.  
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Who are competing in Sudan and Darfur as a result of global warming?   farmers and pastoralists  
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