Electromagnetic Radiation; Wave & Quantum Theories
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| height of a wave | amplitude
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| distance from peak to peak in a wave form/what is the unit of measure/what is the symbol | wavelength/angstrom/lambda "λ"
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| # of wavelengths per unit of measure/what is the unit of measure/what is the symbol | frequency/hertz/nu "f" or "v"
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| ability to do work | energy(eV)
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| states that the intensity of radiation is inversely related to distance squared | inverse square law/formula: I1/I2=D2^2/D1^2
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| discrete bundle of energy:smallest quantity of any type of EM radiation, aka quantum, has no mass or form, travels in sinusoidal wave | photon
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| oscillating electric and magnetic fields that travel in a vacuum with the velocity of light | Electromagnetic Radiation
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| why are xrays described as having a dual nature | xrays sometimes act as photons(penetration) and sometimes as waves(attenuation)
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| what does radiolucent mean | easily penetrated
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| what does radio-opaque mean | absorbs xrays/not easily penetrated
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| what is the range of wavelengths for diagnostic xray | .1-.5
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| rate of doing work/what is the unit of measure | power/watt or kilowatt(amperage x voltage)
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| what is the formula for velocity(used for wave) | wave length x frequency or c= lambda(wavelength) x nu(frequency)
*wavelength and frequency have a indirect relationship
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| what is the formula for energy(used for quantum or particle) | planks constant(h) x frequency(f or v) or E=hv
*energy and frequency have a direct relationship
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| what factors control attenuation | (tech)kVp/e- per gram of matter/density of matter/atomic # of matter
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| the fraction of a beam of xrays or gamma rays that is absorbed or scattered per unit thickness of the absorber | Linear Attenuation Coefficient(LAC)
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| measurement of how strongly a chemical species or substance absorbs or scatters light at a given wavelength, per unit mass | Mass Attenuation Coefficient(MAC)
*depends upon state of matter
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| what is the theory of relativity | Energy=mass x velocity squared or E=MC^2
*direct relation ship
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| electriacal charge symbol/unit of measure | Q/coloumb
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| measure of quantity of ionization produced in air by x or gamma/unit of measure | exposure in air/(conventional)Roentgen(R) and (SI)Gray(Gy)
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| any type of pt dose/unit of measure | absorbed dose/(Conventional)RAD
*1 Gy= 100 RAD
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| personnel dose measurement of quantity and quality for radiation/unit of measure | dose equivalent/(conventional)REM and (SI)sievert(Sv)
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| what is the arangement of the EM chart | radio, micro, infrared, visual, ultraviolet, x, gamma, cosmic
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