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Week 3 Terms- Spring

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Question
Answer
Angiography   Injection of contrast medium into the arterial vessel and visualization of vessels as radio-opaque material passes through them  
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Ankle-Arm Index (AAI) or Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)   The ratio of the ankle systolic pressure to the arm systolic pressure; an objective measurement of arterial disease that allows quantification of the degree of stenosis  
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Arteriosclerosis   Diffuse process whereby the muscle fibers and the endothelial lining of the walls of small arteries and arterioles thicken  
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Atherosclerosis   Disease process that afffects the intima of the large and medium-sized arteries; consists of the accumulation of lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue on the intimal layer of a a large or medium size artery  
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Bruit   Sound produced by turbulent flow of blood through a dilated segment of an arterial vessel  
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Collateral Circulation   Growth of new vessels to replace occluded ones  
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Duplex Ultrasound   Combines B-mode-gray-scale imaging of tissue, organs, and blood vessel with capabilities of estimating velocity changes by use of a pulsed doppler  
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Endarterectomy   A surgical procedure which excises the inner layer of an artery which has become thickened by atherosclerosis  
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Homan's Sign   Pain in calf after sharp dorsiflexion of the foot  
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Intermittent Claudication   A muscular cramp-like pain in extremities brought on by exercise and relieved by rest  
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International Normalized Ratio (INR)   Method of measuring anticoagulant levels, such as warfarin (Coumadin)  
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Oscillometry   A diagnostic test which measures alterations in pulse volume at different levels of an extremity  
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Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)   Any condition that disrupts blood flow to veins or arteries, with the exception of pulmonary and coronary arteries  
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Plethysmography   Impedance is used to measure venous outflow in the lower legs when pneumatic cuffs wrapped around the thighs are inflated and deflated  
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Rubor   Reddish, blue discoloration of skin  
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Sympathectomy   A surgical interruption of part of the sympathetic nerve pathways, performed for the relief of chronic pain in vascular disease  
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Sympathomimetric   A drug that mimics the effects of stimulation of organs and structures by the sympathetic nervous system  
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Sympatholytic   Drugs which reduce or prevent the action of sympathomimetric agents  
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Vasoconstriction   A narrowing of the lumen of any blood vessel  
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Vasodilation   Widening or distension of any blood vessel  
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