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Chronric Bronchitis & COPD

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Question
Answer
show Component diseases: 1.Chronic bronchitis 2.Asthma 3. Emphysema 4.Bronchectasis 5. CF  
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What is the Effect on airflow in terms of COPD:   show
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show •Chronic inflammatory responses, noxious particles, gases  
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Discuss the progressive nature of COPD and relate it to the need for establishing a baseline and follow up:   show
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show -Smoking -Genes -Age&gender -Lung growth and development -Exposure to particles -Social status  
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Describe the general pathophysiology of COPD:   show
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show dyspnea, cough, sputum, fever, wheezing, chest tightness, fatigue  
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Differentiate the major symptomatic difference between chronic bronchitis and emphysema:   show
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show Clinical assessment/history, Spirometer•volumes•capacities•flow  
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show Lab values,EKG,ABG,CXR  
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List the COPD severity staging guidelines:   show
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show Remove irritant =smoking cessation, Pharmacology agents Pulmonary rehabilitation Surgical options  
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show Drugs don't change the progressive decline in lung function. They will only help dilate the bronchotrachael tree to help aide air movement and mucus movement  
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show Improve symptoms & improve quality of life  
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show Racemic epinephrine/micronefrin-vaponefrine, Albuterol/Proventil, ventilin, Levalbuterol/xopenex,Salmeterol/serevent, Formoterol/foradil, Arformoterol/brovana, Ipratropium/atrovent,Tiotropium/sprivia, Budesonide/pulimcort, Mometasone/asmanex  
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show Mometasone/asmanex Fluticasone/Flovent Beclomethasone/QVAR, Acetylcysteine/mucomyst, Dornase alpha/rhDNAse Cormide/intal Nedocromil/tilade  
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show Inhaled because they don't have the side effects of systemic steroids  
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Discuss when it is appropriate to use systemic steroids:   show
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List the criteria for home oxygen use:   show
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Definition of CB:   show
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Three causes Of CB:   show
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Pathophysiology of CB:   show
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show Larger airways plug, V/Q mismatch, Pulmonary arteries constrict, Polycythemia  
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show CBC-RBC 4.6-6.2 million/UL for M, 4.2-5.4 for F, Hgb 13-18 gm/dl for M, 12-16 gm/dl for F., Cor Pulmonale (hypertrophy R. Ven), Respiratory Failure  
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show Frequent cough w/mucous expectorate,Slight ↑ RR, Slight ↑ HR, CO, BP, Dyspnea only with lung infection, Breathsounds: no significant changes, Xray – no significant changes, ABG’s slight Resp. Alkalosis with mild hypoxemia (↑PH, ↓PaCO2, ↓HCO3 ↓PaO2)  
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show Chronic cough with increased mucus,Increased RR, HR, CO, BP, Dyspnea esp. with exertion, Increased WOB – prolonged expiration, Diagnostic palpation/percussion, Decreased tactile & vocal fremitus Hyperresonant percussion note Breathsounds,Decreased, Cr  
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show CXR, Hyperinflation (air trapping), Translucent (very dark), Increased A-P diameter(barrel chest),Flattened Diaphragm-< or blunted costophrenic angle, Spider like projection in the bronchogram, Enlarged heart  
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Pulmonary function testing of CB:   show
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show Stop smoking–eliminate irritant, Avoid other lung infections, Avoid Dry, cold air, Bronchial hygiene, Humidified O2 – PRN,Dilate airway to help cough – Bronchodilator- sympathomimetic, Beta 2-Parasympatholytic, Xanthines (theophylline) –  
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show ,Dilate airway to help cough – Bronchodilator- sympathomimetic, Beta 2-Parasympatholytic, Xanthines (theophylline) – aid bronchial dilation,Thin the thick mucous –Mucolytic–P & PD–USN–Heated Aerosol•Antibiotics – bacterial  
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What are the Breath sounds in early CB   show
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show ABG’s slight Resp. Alkalosis with mild hypoxemia (↑PH, ↓PaCO2, ↓HCO3 ↓PaO2)  
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show Crackles- wet secretions wheezes- bronchoconstriction (mucus plug) Rhonchi- inflammed airways  
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show pH normal,↓ PaO2 (cyanosis & clubbing),↑ PaCO2, ↑ HCO3 Compensated Respiratory Acidosis  
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Why do the pulmonary vessel constrict during chronic bronchitis   show
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