Anatomy of the skin,skin lesions , benign skin conditions
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| Epidermis | no blood vessels;gets nourishment from the dermis.
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| Epidermis- top layer | consist of keratinized cells(dead squamous cells)
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| Epidermis-bottom layer | where melanocytes reside and vitamin D synthesis occurs.
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| Dermis | blood vessels, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles.
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| Subcutaneous layer | fat, sweat glands,and hair follicles.
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| What is a bulla? | elevated superficial blister filled with serous fluid and greater than 1 cmin size.
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| What is an example of a bulla? | second degree burns
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| What is a vesicle? | elevated superficial skin lesion less than 1 cm in diameter and filled with serous fluid.
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| What is an example of a vesicle? | herpetic lesions
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| What is a pustle? | elevated superfical skin lesion smaller than 1 cm in diameter filled with purulent fluid.
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| What is an example of a pustle? | acne pustles
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| What is a macule? | a flat nonpalpable lesion smaller than 1 cm in diamter.
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| What is an example of a macule? | freckles or lentigines
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| What is a papule? | a palpable solid lesion up to a 0.5 cm. an example (acne).
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| What is a plaque? | a flattened elevated lesions with variable shape that are more than 1 cm in diamter; examle psoriatic lesions.
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| What is a Lipoma? | A benign fatty, cystic tumors in the subcuataneous layer of the skin.
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| What is the shape and loaction of a lipoma? | Round shape to oval shape. Located mostly on neck, trunk, legs and arms; painless unless rupture.
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| What is Melasma? | The mask of pregnancy; in women who are pregnant or on oral contraceptives.
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| What is the characterics and location of a melama? | Brown stains on the upper cheeks and forhead. COmmon in darkskinned women; stains permanent, but becomes lighter over time.
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| What is a Nevi(moles)? | Round macules to papules(junctional nevi) ranging in colors. Borders are distinct to irregular.
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| What type of Nevi put a paitient at higher risk for melanoma? | Atypical nevi
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| What is Seborrheic Keratoses? | Soft and round wartlike fleshy growths
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| What are the characteristics and location of Sebortheic Keratoses? | Mostly on the back, range in color(light to tan to black), onset after 50 years of age,painless unless irritated.
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| What is Vitiligo? | Hypopigmented patches of skin with irregular shapes, more visible on darker skins.
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| What is Xanthelasma? | A raised yellow soft plaques located on the brow onthe upper or lower lids of eye on the nasal side.
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| What disorder is associated with a Xanthelasma? | May be a sign of hyperlipidemia if present in persons younger that 40 years old.
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| What is Xerosis? | An Inherited skin disorder resulting in extremely dry skin.
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| What is Xerostomia? | involves mucosal surfaces of the mouth.
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| What is Xerophthalmia? | Involves mucosal surfaces of the conjunctiva of the eye.
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