chapter 21
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| communication | dynamic - critical thinking is used so process is effective
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| stimulus | motivates one person to communicate with another
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| examples of a stimulus | sights, sounds, odors, ideas, perceptions
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| sender | person who encodes and delivers the message
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| what makes it easier to have message decoded correctly | the more sender and receiver have in common
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| message | content of communication
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| what is contained in message | verbal and non-verbal
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| channel of communication | means of conveying the message:visual, auditory, tactile senses (kinesthestic)
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| what helps the message to be understood | the more channels that are used
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| receiver | decodes message
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| feedback | message is returned to sender and indicates if message was understood
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| levels of communication | intrapersonal, interpersonal, group
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| intrapersonal | "self talk" - can be positive or negative
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| interpersonal | one to one communication. most frequent in nursing care.
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| group communication | group dynamics must be considered
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| roles of group members | task oriented, maintenance, self-serving
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| task oriented group member | will focus on work to be done
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| maintenance group member | will be active listener, supporter and help to harmonize group
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| self-serving group member | attention seeker, dominator, agressor
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| factors influencing communication | developmental, gender, socioculteral, physical,environment
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| forms of communication | verbal and non-verbal
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| verbal communication | language (written or spoken)
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| non-verbal communication | body language (transmission of informaation without words)
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| examples on non-verbal communication | facial expressions, gestures, mode of dress, sounds, posture, gait
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| the helping relationship | foundation of nursing practice
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| the nurse is the ___________ helper | professional
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| the helping realtionship is | theraputic
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| _____________ is the key in the helping relationship | communication
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| ___________ is the priority in the helping relationship | client's needs
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| what the helping relationship is built on | patient's trust in the nurse
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| characteristics of helping realtionship | does not occure spontanously, unequeal sharing of information,dynamic, purposeful, time limited, uses the nurisng process
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| phases of the helping relationship | orientation, working, termination
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| goals of orientation phase | establish guidleines, assess patient needs, prioritize problems, id goals
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| goals of working phase | work together to meet patient needs
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| goals of termination phase | evaluation of working phase, separate from patient, achieve smooth transition
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| factors that promote effective communication | dipositional traits and rapport builders
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| dispositonal traits that encourage effefective communication | warmth,respect,empathy,caring, comptetence
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| rapport builders | speciic objectives, comfortable enviornment, privacy, confidentiality, patient focus, provide personal space, pacing, evaluation of non-verbal
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| conversational skills | control tone, knowledge of subject,be clear and concise, be truthful
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| examples of listening skills | sit when communicating, be alert, maintian eye contact, listen for themes
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| interviewing techiniques | open endede questions, closed ended questions, validation quesitons, clarifying questions, reflective quesitons, directing questions
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| open ended questions | allows pt to expand, allows pt to direct conversation
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| closed ended questions | helps to focus interview. helps to gather specific data from pt.
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| sequencing comments | helps to "timeline" events
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| clarifying comments | gives understanding of what pt has said
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| reflective comments | the nurse will repeat what is said - allows pt to elaborate
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| directing comments | directs a pt to a topic
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| purpose of the interview | to obtain accurate and thorough information
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| blocks to communication | failure to: listen, treat pt as human being, inapproapirate comments, using cliches, using questions that containg "why" and "how",the nurse not being focused on the pt.
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| block to communication | using gossip, giving false reassurance, changing the subject, using comments that give advice, aggression
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| closed ended question | answers question specifically. no elaboration is given.
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| what are some examples of caring behavior? | listening, touch, addresses pt appropiately, shows repsect for pt privacy
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| nursing goal of helping relaltionship | pt will id and achieve goals they have set for themselves
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| empathy | empathy is pt centered. It ackknowledges pt's feelings and being sensitive to those feelings
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| ways to promote self worth in the pt | address them by prefeered name, provide privacy, allow pt to id and make goals, keep pt center of nurse/pt relationship
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| communication is evaluated to be sucessful when | the message sent by the sender is similar to the message decoded by the receiver.
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