Logical Fallacies
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| Undefined Term | The writer fails to provide a clear definition of a term important to his/her argument
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| Ad hominem | Attacks the person, not the issue
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| Name calling | Assigning someone to a particular group by calling him or her a name
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| False Dilemma | The writer suggests that the alternative to his/her argument is extremely negative and there is no other option (OR)
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| Inadequate Sampling | Writer generalizes from too small a sampling of evidence
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| Bandwagon | Do it/buy it/vote for it because everybody else does
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| Non-sequitur | One thing doesn't logically follow another
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| Argument to authority | The writer whose argument is weak resorts to citing some authority whose pronouncements they assume the reader will accept as sufficient
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| False analogy | The author presents an analogy between two ideas or events which are not analogous; that is, not comparable in a logical sense
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| Undocumented assertion | The writer or speaker makes a confident assertion but backs it up with no evidence
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| Argument ad misericordium | Argument attempts to evoke pity for the writer or the writer's position
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| Appeal to novelty | The writer argues that because something is new it is better
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| Fallacy of exclusion | Contains an argument. There is information left out that would change the outcome of the argument (leaves out info)
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| Begging the question | To claim as true a premise that is an assumption that is not proven and with which the reader must agree in order to agree with the conclusion
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| Straw man | The writer attacks a position which is different from, and weaker than, the opposition's real position (leaves out info)
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| Appeal to consequences | The writer points to the disagreeable consequences of holding a particular belief in order to show that this belief is false (THEN)
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| Post hoc ergo propter hoc | Assuming a cause/effect relationship between two events because one happens after the other
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Created by:
maia.pie
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